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Test your basic knowledge |
Dairy Cattle And Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
industries
,
dairy
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When are steers and heifers weaned from bottle feeding?
mare estrus cycle
van deferens
Bull's fibro-elastic penis
6-8 weeks
2. Way to know everything is alright with the breeding male
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
Sperm survival specs
Reasons for gestation length being affected
estrus
3. Actual heat cycle (period)
estrus
ewe ovulation
Mares
Follical Stimulating in males
4. (FSH) helps to regulate puberty - needed every day - stimulates the sertoli cells to produce nutrients for the sperm
eminal vesicles
Follical Stimulating in males
scrotal circumference (BSE)
feeding a high producing dairy cow
5. Superior genes are _______ to multiply
Mares
prostate gland
Jersey Cow
Hard
6. (male) pushes the testes outward toward the legs for a cool-down off of the body
reasons for castration
cremaster muscle
sow ovulation
scrotum
7. Produce testosterone. located between the seminiferous tubules
sperm cell
sigmoid flexure
dry matter and water
leydid or interstitial cells
8. 1. visual evaluation - 2. scrotal circumference - 3. penis and prepuce observation - 4. rectal palpation - 5. libido test - 6. semen evaluation
sow ovulation
dairy cattle pregnancy check
hormones
things to check for in a breeding soundness exam (BSE)
9. Reproduction. more offspring leads to more feed costs - but is offset by reproduction numbers
Where livelihood is in agriculture
mare ovulation
cow ovulation
sow estrus cycle
10. Cycle that lasts weeks (ovulation->hormone cycles->ovulation)
Where livelihood is in agriculture
cremaster muscle
cow estrus cycle
estrous
11. Supply nutrients for the sperm following ejaculation and deposition into the female reproductive tract
eminal vesicles
scrotum
cryptorchid
sow gestation
12. (male) definition: duct located outside of the testes. 3 parts: head - body - tail. 4 Functions:concentrate sperm - store sperm - transport sperm - site of sperm maturation. entire process takes ~40-60 days
Dairy calves are removed from cow at birth to...
monorchid
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
vulva
13. 336 days
cowper's gland
cow estrus
mare gestation
retractor muscles
14. Constitute 50-90% of the volume of the ejaculate. (3 glands total: seminal vesicles - prostate gland - cowper's gland)
vagina
Lutinizing Hormone in females
Dairy Cattle Lactation (standard)
accessory sex glands
15. 4-6 days
mare estrus
cow estrus
ewe's estrous cycle
Avg. bull specs
16. 19-23 (21) days
organs used in spermatogenesis
behavioral signs of estrus
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
sow estrus cycle
17. What makes the milk flow through the mammary glands?
feeding a high producing dairy cow
Blood
prostate gland
cow gestation
18. Castration tool that uses a band around the testicles which cuts off circulation and eventually the testicles fall off
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
vulva
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
elastrator
19. Animals which have many estrous periods per year (ex: cow - sow)
oviducts
van deferens
Lutinizing Hormone in males
polyestrous
20. Parturition is controlled by...
mare ovulation
sow estrus cycle
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
testis (gonads)
21. Milk made by mother which includes antibodies for the calf. MUST be given to the calf within the first 24 hrs of life. also provides calf with energy stores. effectiveness lasts from 4-8 months of age.
cow estrus cycle
visual evaluation (BSE)
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
colostrum
22. Head - neck - mid-piece - tail. genetic material - has an enzyme covering that allows it to penetrate the egg
sertoli cells
ewe estrus cycle
sperm cell
cow gestation
23. Start of the reproductive tract for the female. located outside of the body
Brown Swiss Cow
Dairy Cattle Lactation (standard)
~1 month
vulva
24. So when offspring are born - there is more food to be found for energy stores and fat deposits IN THE SPRING
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
reason for seasonal breeding periods
hormones
humans: stress level vs sperm
25. (male) Primary sex organ - produces sperm (male gamete) and male sex hormones - 2 total
monestrous
testosterone
sow gestation
testis (gonads)
26. Cleans and lubricates the urethra ahead of the sperm. (if not - the urine in the urethra has a high salt content and would cause sperm to rupture and die)
uterus
humans: stress level vs sperm
prostate gland
semen evaluation (BSE)
27. Indicator of sperm production. the bigger the scrotal circumference the bigger volume of sperm because more seminal vesicles available to produce the sperm
penis sizes vs delivering methods
ewe gestation
Holstein Cow
scrotal circumference (BSE)
28. 24 hours before end of estrus cycle
mare estrus cycle
effects of estrogen
mare ovulation
monorchid
29. 1. to eliminate breeding the females at an early age - 2. makes animals less lean and provides a better cut for the market
things to check for in a breeding soundness exam (BSE)
Lutinizing Hormone in females
testosterone
reasons for castration
30. Failure to have one testis (gonad) to descend
monorchid
~1 month
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
sperm cell
31. 1-3 days
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
sow estrus
Avg. bull specs
butterfat
32. Milk is 15% ________ and 85% __________.
Dairy Cattle Lactation (standard)
dry matter and water
Follical Stimulating in males
effects of BST
33. Milk ~305 days - dry 60 days prior to calving
Sperm growth rate
cow gestation
Dairy Cattle milking schedule
Jersey Cow
34. 19-23 (21) days
cow estrus cycle
feeding a high producing dairy cow
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
prostaglandin
35. Hold the penis in the bulls body when not in use. releases penis before ejaculation or urination.
retractor muscles
ewe's estrous cycle
sow gestation
effects of estrogen
36. To remove/separate testicles from animal's body before animal reaches puberty
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
castration
cremaster muscle
van deferens
37. 336 days
ewe's estrous cycle
seminiferous tubules
Grading choice
mare gestation
38. 1. bring in new genes - 2. replace males with leg problems (difficulty breeding) Note: culling has a much greater emphasis in the dairy industry vs the beef industry.
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
scrotal circumference (BSE)
Sperm survival specs
39. ~305 days (altough often longer due to breeding difficulties)
butterfat
Reasons for gestation length being affected
Dairy Cattle Lactation (standard)
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
40. Knife-loose ~1wk of growth. band-loose ~2wks of growth.
ewe's estrous cycle
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
libido test (BSE)
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
41. BST given to dairy cattle makes the mammary gland more persistent - helps produce more milk. good as Long-term because it does not cause cow to bulk up - provides more milk/cow Which means less cows needed - less cows need to be given feed - lower co
Sperm growth rate
effects of BST
6-8 weeks
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
42. 265-285 days
monorchid
hormones
Dairy Cattle Gestation
Parturition
43. Allows extension of penis without fibro-elastic penis
behavioral signs of estrus
sertoli cells
sigmoid flexure
age and castration
44. 114 days
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
dartos muscle
sow gestation
mastitis
45. Duct which connects epididymis to urethra of the penis. transports sperm at ejaculation. cut to sterilize male.
age and castration
van deferens
things to check for in a breeding soundness exam (BSE)
Sperm growth rate
46. Scar tissue plugs up chambers of udder
cryptorchid
Parturition
Dairy Cattle Lactation (standard)
mastitis
47. Can produce 200 calves naturally (~100 bulls) - top 1-2% will grade like him. everything left to chance if no AI performed
mare's estrous cycle
humans: stress level vs sperm
seasonally polyestrous
Avg. bull specs
48. Why does estrus happen before ovulation?
castration
you want as much sperm as possible to come in contact with the egg before ovulation. the main idea is to have the sperm already in the oviduct when the egg passes through
oviducts
humans: stress level vs sperm
49. Not under a timeline - cow can not be sold as steak
prostate gland
ewe's estrous cycle
Holstein Cow
Grading choice
50. Contains and regulates the temp of the testes for sperm production
urethra
scrotum
eminal vesicles
you want as much sperm as possible to come in contact with the egg before ovulation. the main idea is to have the sperm already in the oviduct when the egg passes through