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Test your basic knowledge |
Dairy Cattle And Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
industries
,
dairy
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Provide nourishment for the developing sperm
sow estrus
normal presentation of the fetus
reason for seasonal breeding periods
sertoli cells
2. Small tubes located at the upper ends of the uterine horns. connects uterine horn to infundibulum. passageway of the egg.
dry-off time in dairy cattle
Dairy Cattle Gestation
oviducts
cow gestation
3. 1-2 days
Follical Stimulating in males
mare estrus
ewe estrus
cow estrus
4. Allows extension of penis without fibro-elastic penis
vulva
Parturition
ewe gestation
sigmoid flexure
5. 30-38 hours after estrus cycle begins
reason for seasonal breeding periods
you want as much sperm as possible to come in contact with the egg before ovulation. the main idea is to have the sperm already in the oviduct when the egg passes through
mare estrus
sow ovulation
6. Reproduction. more offspring leads to more feed costs - but is offset by reproduction numbers
Hard
urethra
Where livelihood is in agriculture
libido test (BSE)
7. Look for infection - split - and rupture of the penis
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
cow estrus
monestrous
leydid or interstitial cells
8. 10-37 (21) days
dartos muscle
Follical Stimulating in females
mare estrus cycle
rectal palpation (BSE)
9. 19-23 (21) days
cow estrus cycle
Dairy Cattle Gestation
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
vulva
10. 265-285 days
Dairy Cattle Gestation
#1 cost in production
Lutinizing Hormone in males
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
11. ~305 days (altough often longer due to breeding difficulties)
mare estrus
Dairy Cattle Lactation (standard)
semen evaluation (BSE)
scrotal circumference (BSE)
12. S-shaped inside body - relaxes to be exposed for breeding. Disadvantges: muscles weaken with age - cannot always hold it in - exposed to harsh outside conditions or stepped on.
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13. What makes the milk flow through the mammary glands?
Grading choice
Hard
age and castration
Blood
14. When she is pregnant in her last trimester because she needs the energy to carry around and deliver the calf. and when the calf is born because the cow needs the fat to be deposit it into her milk for the calf's energy stores.
behavioral signs of estrus
ewe's estrous cycle
monestrous
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
15. Actual heat cycle (period)
Sperm survival specs
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
sigmoid flexure
estrus
16. What about the sperm for a bull which has been castrated but still has testicles?
functions of progestrone
Dairy calves are removed from cow at birth to...
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
Testicles will produce testosterone but not sperm. Bull will attempt to mate - but will be sterile
17. Located directly in front of the cervix. fertilized egg implants here. connected to two uterine horns. implantation occurs on the same side as ovulation occurred.
cryptorchid
sertoli cells
uterus
ewe estrus
18. (male) pushes the testes upward toward the body for warmth or protection
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
dry matter and water
feeding a high producing dairy cow
dartos muscle
19. Serves as a bone cradle for the reproductive system. used greatly in palpation as a 'landmark'.
cryptorchid
age and castration
oviducts
pelvis
20. Sperm is produced here
Follical Stimulating in males
seminiferous tubules
monestrous
effects of BST
21. Scar tissue plugs up chambers of udder
behavioral signs of estrus
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
mastitis
cryptorchid
22. The more stressed out the male is - the less sperm he is going to produce
spermatogenesis
hormones
visual evaluation (BSE)
humans: stress level vs sperm
23. Milk made by mother which includes antibodies for the calf. MUST be given to the calf within the first 24 hrs of life. also provides calf with energy stores. effectiveness lasts from 4-8 months of age.
Parturition
humans: stress level vs sperm
reason for seasonal breeding periods
colostrum
24. 4-6 days
mare estrus
Dairy Cattle Gestation
mare gestation
age and castration
25. (FSH) helps to regulate puberty - needed every day - stimulates the sertoli cells to produce nutrients for the sperm
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
ewe estrus cycle
Follical Stimulating in males
Hard
26. 30 hours after estrus begins
Dairy calves are removed from cow at birth to...
humans: stress level vs sperm
normal presentation of the fetus
cow ovulation
27. (male) pushes the testes outward toward the legs for a cool-down off of the body
effects of estrogen
uterus
cremaster muscle
uterus
28. Animals which have only one estrous cycle (ex: dog - fox)
estrous
Dairy Cattle Gestation
monestrous
urethra
29. 24 hours before end of estrus cycle
ewe's estrous cycle
hormones
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
mare ovulation
30. So when offspring are born - there is more food to be found for energy stores and fat deposits IN THE SPRING
reason for seasonal breeding periods
Holstein Cow
dry matter and water
dartos muscle
31. Milk made by mother which includes antibodies for the calf. MUST be given to the calf within the first 24 hrs of life. also provides calf with energy stores. effectiveness lasts from 4-8 months of age.
6-8 weeks
Dairy Cattle Gestation
colostrum
cow estrus
32. Animals which have many estrous periods per year (ex: cow - sow)
Dairy calves are removed from cow at birth to...
castration
Lutinizing Hormone in females
polyestrous
33. 26 hours after estrus begins
ewe ovulation
Dairy Cattle milking schedule
semen evaluation (BSE)
rectal palpation (BSE)
34. 1. sperm is not implanted in egg until hours after breeding. 2. fetal growth has not yet finished.
ewe gestation
seminiferous tubules
Reasons for gestation length being affected
Lutinizing Hormone in females
35. 1-2 days
ewe estrus
Jersey Cow
vagina
cow gestation
36. Hold the penis in the bulls body when not in use. releases penis before ejaculation or urination.
age and castration
rectal palpation (BSE)
6-8 weeks
retractor muscles
37. 19-23 (21) days
polyestrous
behavioral signs of estrus
cow estrus cycle
scrotum
38. Depository for semen during insemination. where urine leaves the body
Brown Swiss Cow
sow estrus cycle
ewe estrus cycle
vagina
39. (from Jersey Islands in Great Britain) Smallest cow - least milk - highest butterfat %
Jersey Cow
Hard
ewe ovulation
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
40. Cycle that lasts weeks (ovulation->hormone cycles->ovulation)
estrous
effects of estrogen
cremaster muscle
penis proper
41. Can survive ~7 days in cow. vast majority <48 hours
dry matter and water
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
Sperm survival specs
Holstein Cow
42. Castration tool which clamps down on the vans deferens. causes the sperm to not reach the penis to be ejaculated
penis sizes vs delivering methods
sow gestation
normal presentation of the fetus
burdizzo
43. (male) definition: duct located outside of the testes. 3 parts: head - body - tail. 4 Functions:concentrate sperm - store sperm - transport sperm - site of sperm maturation. entire process takes ~40-60 days
cowper's gland
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
pelvis
what has to happen for males for copulation to occur
44. What about the sperm for a bull which has been castrated but still has testicles?
Hard
butterfat
Testicles will produce testosterone but not sperm. Bull will attempt to mate - but will be sterile
reasons for castration
45. Cycle that lasts weeks (ovulation->hormone cycles->ovulation)
butterfat
femininity of a heifer
dry-off time in dairy cattle
estrous
46. 1. reproduction - 2. mastitis/udder problems - 3. low milk production - 4. soundness/poor feet and legs (living on concrete)
Lutinizing Hormone in females
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
colostrum
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
47. Luteolysis happens because of the ____________ hormone
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
you want as much sperm as possible to come in contact with the egg before ovulation. the main idea is to have the sperm already in the oviduct when the egg passes through
prostaglandin
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
48. When she is pregnant in her last trimester because she needs the energy to carry around and deliver the calf. and when the calf is born because the cow needs the fat to be deposit it into her milk for the calf's energy stores.
vulva
cowper's gland
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
eminal vesicles
49. BST given to dairy cattle makes the mammary gland more persistent - helps produce more milk. good as Long-term because it does not cause cow to bulk up - provides more milk/cow Which means less cows needed - less cows need to be given feed - lower co
sperm cell
effects of BST
Dairy Cattle Gestation
penis proper
50. 19-23 (21) days
seminiferous tubules
retractor muscles
sow estrus cycle
sertoli cells