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Test your basic knowledge |
Dairy Cattle And Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
industries
,
dairy
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Cleans and lubricates the urethra. secretion is thick - viscous - and very slippery.
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2. Depository for semen during insemination. where urine leaves the body
scrotum
vagina
accessory sex glands
~1 month
3. So when offspring are born - there is more food to be found for energy stores and fat deposits IN THE SPRING
age and castration
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
reason for seasonal breeding periods
functions of progestrone
4. Microscopic - make sure not sterile - very few bulls are actually tested
semen evaluation (BSE)
normal presentation of the fetus
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
effects of estrogen
5. Castration tool that uses a band around the testicles which cuts off circulation and eventually the testicles fall off
functions of progestrone
elastrator
humans: stress level vs sperm
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
6. What helps regulate spermatogenesis?
cow gestation
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
testosterone
visual evaluation (BSE)
7. 30-38 hours after estrus cycle begins
Reasons for gestation length being affected
what has to happen for males for copulation to occur
sow ovulation
organs used in spermatogenesis
8. 14-19 (17) days
effects of estrogen
ewe estrus cycle
mare's estrous cycle
cervix
9. When are dairy cattle dehorned?
~1 month
what has to happen for males for copulation to occur
van deferens
eminal vesicles
10. Cleans and lubricates the urethra ahead of the sperm. (if not - the urine in the urethra has a high salt content and would cause sperm to rupture and die)
prostate gland
uterus
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
ewe estrus
11. 265-285 days
Dairy Cattle Gestation
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
mare estrus cycle
hormones
12. Can survive ~7 days in cow. vast majority <48 hours
Lutinizing Hormone in males
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
Sperm survival specs
prostate gland
13. (LH) stimulates the Leydig cells to produce testosterone
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
mare's estrous cycle
Lutinizing Hormone in males
scrotum
14. Check feet and legs - look for masculine traits in build such as crest and muscling
visual evaluation (BSE)
sow ovulation
#1 cost in production
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
15. Not being bred back into herd. horses are seasonal breeders vs. cows as anytime breeders
Mares
seminiferous tubules
mare estrus cycle
mastitis
16. (male) definition: duct located outside of the testes. 3 parts: head - body - tail. 4 Functions:concentrate sperm - store sperm - transport sperm - site of sperm maturation. entire process takes ~40-60 days
functions of progestrone
cervix
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
mare's estrous cycle
17. Head - neck - mid-piece - tail. genetic material - has an enzyme covering that allows it to penetrate the egg
dairy cattle pregnancy check
things to check for in a breeding soundness exam (BSE)
sperm cell
estrous
18. 4-6 days
ewe ovulation
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
Blood
mare estrus
19. 1. seminiferous tubules - 2. sertoli cells - 3. leydid or interstitial cells
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
sow ovulation
organs used in spermatogenesis
uterus
20. Larger the cow - more milk is produced; smaller the cow - less milk is produced
eminal vesicles
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
sigmoid flexure
stag
21. Urinary calculi.
Follical Stimulating in females
seminiferous tubules
Dairy Cattle milking schedule
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
22. 1. seminiferous tubules - 2. sertoli cells - 3. leydid or interstitial cells
organs used in spermatogenesis
leydid or interstitial cells
cremaster muscle
dairy cattle pregnancy check
23. 45-60 days after breeding; re-breed as required
dairy cattle pregnancy check
seasonally polyestrous
testosterone
cremaster muscle
24. 16-20 hours
dairy cattle pregnancy check
Avg. bull specs
testis (gonads)
cow estrus
25. Can produce 200 calves naturally (~100 bulls) - top 1-2% will grade like him. everything left to chance if no AI performed
scrotum
ewe estrus
Avg. bull specs
Where livelihood is in agriculture
26. 30 hours after estrus begins
cow estrus cycle
femininity of a heifer
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
cow ovulation
27. 1. visual evaluation - 2. scrotal circumference - 3. penis and prepuce observation - 4. rectal palpation - 5. libido test - 6. semen evaluation
~1 month
leydid or interstitial cells
prostaglandin
things to check for in a breeding soundness exam (BSE)
28. 1. bring in new genes - 2. replace males with leg problems (difficulty breeding) Note: culling has a much greater emphasis in the dairy industry vs the beef industry.
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
mare gestation
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
accessory sex glands
29. What makes the milk flow through the mammary glands?
mastitis
Follical Stimulating in males
libido test (BSE)
Blood
30. Start of the reproductive tract for the female. located outside of the body
vagina
vulva
scrotal circumference (BSE)
Follical Stimulating in males
31. Why does estrus happen before ovulation?
monestrous
you want as much sperm as possible to come in contact with the egg before ovulation. the main idea is to have the sperm already in the oviduct when the egg passes through
vulva
scrotum
32. Head - neck - mid-piece - tail. genetic material - has an enzyme covering that allows it to penetrate the egg
seasonally polyestrous
elastrator
estrous
sperm cell
33. 10-37 (21) days
mare estrus cycle
Follical Stimulating in males
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
ewe estrus cycle
34. Allows extension of penis without fibro-elastic penis
sigmoid flexure
testosterone
vagina
polyestrous
35. 19-23 (21) days
butterfat
sow estrus cycle
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
dartos muscle
36. Castration tool which clamps down on the vans deferens. causes the sperm to not reach the penis to be ejaculated
cryptorchid
Dairy Cattle Gestation
dartos muscle
burdizzo
37. 336 days
burdizzo
mare gestation
6-8 weeks
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
38. Luteolysis happens because of the ____________ hormone
prostaglandin
cryptorchid
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
reasons for castration
39. Castration tool which clamps down on the vans deferens. causes the sperm to not reach the penis to be ejaculated
cow estrus
Sperm growth rate
burdizzo
sigmoid flexure
40. Allows extension of penis without fibro-elastic penis
prostaglandin
Lutinizing Hormone in females
stag
sigmoid flexure
41. Cycle that lasts weeks (ovulation->hormone cycles->ovulation)
estrous
Dairy Cattle Gestation
Dairy Cattle milking schedule
ewe gestation
42. Gonadotropic (GnRH) is (FSH and LH). Follical Stimulating (FSH) and Lutinizing Hormone (LH).
uterus
cow estrus
hormones
seminiferous tubules
43. (FSH) causes egg to mature in females
Testicles will produce testosterone but not sperm. Bull will attempt to mate - but will be sterile
spermatogenesis
Follical Stimulating in females
Bull's fibro-elastic penis
44. Why Dairy calves are fed powdered milk.
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
reason for seasonal breeding periods
van deferens
colostrum
45. Microscopic - make sure not sterile - very few bulls are actually tested
Where livelihood is in agriculture
Lutinizing Hormone in females
semen evaluation (BSE)
mare ovulation
46. Failure to have both testis (gonads) descend
cryptorchid
mare estrus cycle
spermatogenesis
testis (gonads)
47. Pulls sperm and egg together - gets body ready for pregnany - stimulates growth cells - develops mammary glands - starts to deposit fat.
cremaster muscle
sow estrus
eminal vesicles
effects of estrogen
48. (male) pushes the testes outward toward the legs for a cool-down off of the body
cowper's gland
Bull's fibro-elastic penis
cremaster muscle
mare estrus cycle
49. Can survive ~7 days in cow. vast majority <48 hours
Sperm survival specs
Holstein Cow
semen evaluation (BSE)
behavioral signs of estrus
50. (LH) causes female's egg to break (her period)
Hard
Lutinizing Hormone in females
6-8 weeks
van deferens