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Test your basic knowledge |
Dairy Cattle And Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
industries
,
dairy
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Animals which have many estrous periods per year (ex: cow - sow)
scrotal circumference (BSE)
Avg. bull specs
functions of progestrone
polyestrous
2. (switzerland) 2nd in size and milk production - most muscle -
vulva
Avg. bull specs
testosterone
Brown Swiss Cow
3. 1. to eliminate breeding the females at an early age - 2. makes animals less lean and provides a better cut for the market
Sperm growth rate
burdizzo
Reasons for gestation length being affected
reasons for castration
4. Castration tool which clamps down on the vans deferens. causes the sperm to not reach the penis to be ejaculated
burdizzo
what has to happen for males for copulation to occur
accessory sex glands
castration
5. 114 days
sow gestation
Sperm survival specs
retractor muscles
6-8 weeks
6. (male) pushes the testes outward toward the legs for a cool-down off of the body
cremaster muscle
estrus
sow estrus
seminiferous tubules
7. Provide nourishment for the developing sperm
sertoli cells
cremaster muscle
sow estrus cycle
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
8. (LH) stimulates the Leydig cells to produce testosterone
monestrous
ewe gestation
~1 month
Lutinizing Hormone in males
9. Standing to be mounted (last one able to notice); mounting other animals; social behavior-restless - gregarious - activity - vocalizing; frequent urination; mucous discharge
Dairy Cattle milking schedule
castration
behavioral signs of estrus
Lutinizing Hormone in females
10. To remove/separate testicles from animal's body before animal reaches puberty
cow ovulation
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
castration
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
11. Can survive ~7 days in cow. vast majority <48 hours
Sperm survival specs
vulva
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
scrotum
12. Not under a timeline - cow can not be sold as steak
behavioral signs of estrus
Jersey Cow
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
Grading choice
13. 24 hours before end of estrus cycle
mare ovulation
estrous
uterus
#1 cost in production
14. Earlier you castrate a male - the easier it is on the animal. the longer you wait - death rates increase
monestrous
cow gestation
Lutinizing Hormone in males
age and castration
15. 19-23 (21) days
cow estrus cycle
testosterone
butterfat
normal presentation of the fetus
16. Animals which have only one estrous cycle (ex: dog - fox)
monestrous
ewe gestation
Dairy Cattle Lactation (standard)
Where livelihood is in agriculture
17. 1. bring in new genes - 2. replace males with leg problems (difficulty breeding) Note: culling has a much greater emphasis in the dairy industry vs the beef industry.
colostrum
ewe ovulation
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
18. Animals which have many estrous periods during certain periods per year (ex: mare - ewe)
seasonally polyestrous
retractor muscles
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
19. (from Jersey Islands in Great Britain) Smallest cow - least milk - highest butterfat %
Sperm growth rate
Jersey Cow
penis proper
testis (gonads)
20. (FSH) causes egg to mature in females
sow estrus cycle
Lutinizing Hormone in males
humans: stress level vs sperm
Follical Stimulating in females
21. Can survive ~7 days in cow. vast majority <48 hours
colostrum
Dairy Cattle Lactation (standard)
Sperm survival specs
Follical Stimulating in females
22. Microscopic - make sure not sterile - very few bulls are actually tested
feeding a high producing dairy cow
humans: stress level vs sperm
sperm cell
semen evaluation (BSE)
23. Duct through penis that carries sperm and urine
scrotum
6-8 weeks
prostaglandin
urethra
24. (switzerland) 2nd in size and milk production - most muscle -
dry matter and water
Brown Swiss Cow
cryptorchid
mare's estrous cycle
25. 1. need to be restricted in amt of grain - 2. no more than 70% of ration can be concentrates. 3. *Acidic acid has to be produced in order for milk synthesis to occur (30% forages)
leydid or interstitial cells
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
Grading choice
feeding a high producing dairy cow
26. Castration tool that uses a band around the testicles which cuts off circulation and eventually the testicles fall off
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
elastrator
Holstein Cow
cow estrus
27. 1. bring in new genes - 2. replace males with leg problems (difficulty breeding) Note: culling has a much greater emphasis in the dairy industry vs the beef industry.
Brown Swiss Cow
accessory sex glands
vagina
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
28. 45-60 days after breeding; re-breed as required
Dairy calves are removed from cow at birth to...
organs used in spermatogenesis
dairy cattle pregnancy check
visual evaluation (BSE)
29. Can produce 200 calves naturally (~100 bulls) - top 1-2% will grade like him. everything left to chance if no AI performed
testis (gonads)
Avg. bull specs
organs used in spermatogenesis
visual evaluation (BSE)
30. Actual heat cycle (period)
sertoli cells
estrus
femininity of a heifer
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
31. Way to know everything is alright with the breeding male
visual evaluation (BSE)
pelvis
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
you want as much sperm as possible to come in contact with the egg before ovulation. the main idea is to have the sperm already in the oviduct when the egg passes through
32. 2 month growth cycle. stored in the epididymis of the bull
Dairy Cattle Gestation
oviducts
dry-off time in dairy cattle
Sperm growth rate
33. (LH) causes female's egg to break (her period)
dairy cattle pregnancy check
normal presentation of the fetus
van deferens
Lutinizing Hormone in females
34. To remove/separate testicles from animal's body before animal reaches puberty
butterfat
sow estrus cycle
cremaster muscle
castration
35. % of fat in milk. makes cheeses and ice cream. regulates cost of milk
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
butterfat
mastitis
Dairy Cattle milking schedule
36. 30-38 hours after estrus cycle begins
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
Grading choice
dartos muscle
sow ovulation
37. Help to signal hormone levels which we need both in the brain right next to each other.
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
reasons for castration
estrous
Dairy Cattle Lactation (standard)
38. 114 days
estrous
Follical Stimulating in males
sow gestation
monorchid
39. Head - neck - mid-piece - tail. genetic material - has an enzyme covering that allows it to penetrate the egg
organs used in spermatogenesis
ewe estrus
sperm cell
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
40. Animal which has been castrated after puberty
eminal vesicles
Grading choice
Sperm survival specs
stag
41. 16-20 hours
Jersey Cow
you want as much sperm as possible to come in contact with the egg before ovulation. the main idea is to have the sperm already in the oviduct when the egg passes through
cow estrus
spermatogenesis
42. Pulls sperm and egg together - gets body ready for pregnany - stimulates growth cells - develops mammary glands - starts to deposit fat.
burdizzo
colostrum
effects of estrogen
spermatogenesis
43. 30-38 hours after estrus cycle begins
behavioral signs of estrus
libido test (BSE)
sow ovulation
cow estrus cycle
44. Milk made by mother which includes antibodies for the calf. MUST be given to the calf within the first 24 hrs of life. also provides calf with energy stores. effectiveness lasts from 4-8 months of age.
Jersey Cow
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
Sperm survival specs
colostrum
45. Animals which have many estrous periods per year (ex: cow - sow)
dry-off time in dairy cattle
polyestrous
rectal palpation (BSE)
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
46. 1-3 days
sow estrus
ewe gestation
stag
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
47. Failure to have one testis (gonad) to descend
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
mare's estrous cycle
reason for seasonal breeding periods
monorchid
48. 14-19 (17) days
ewe estrus cycle
penis proper
mare's estrous cycle
Reasons for gestation length being affected
49. FEED
dairy cattle pregnancy check
sow gestation
#1 cost in production
van deferens
50. Sperm production
spermatogenesis
Sperm growth rate
semen evaluation (BSE)
mastitis