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Test your basic knowledge |
Dairy Cattle And Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
industries
,
dairy
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1. bring in new genes - 2. replace males with leg problems (difficulty breeding) Note: culling has a much greater emphasis in the dairy industry vs the beef industry.
pelvis
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
you want as much sperm as possible to come in contact with the egg before ovulation. the main idea is to have the sperm already in the oviduct when the egg passes through
2. 283 days
retractor muscles
#1 cost in production
cow gestation
van deferens
3. Allows extension of penis without fibro-elastic penis
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
Reasons for gestation length being affected
sow estrus cycle
sigmoid flexure
4. (LH) stimulates the Leydig cells to produce testosterone
feeding a high producing dairy cow
eminal vesicles
Lutinizing Hormone in males
monestrous
5. Prevent the cow from getting an infection from the calve
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
Dairy calves are removed from cow at birth to...
behavioral signs of estrus
Parturition
6. Pulls sperm and egg together - gets body ready for pregnany - stimulates growth cells - develops mammary glands - starts to deposit fat.
colostrum
colostrum
effects of estrogen
what has to happen for males for copulation to occur
7. ~60 days before calving
dry-off time in dairy cattle
reason for seasonal breeding periods
dry matter and water
ewe ovulation
8. 30 hours after estrus begins
spermatogenesis
cow ovulation
sow estrus
dry-off time in dairy cattle
9. Failure to have one testis (gonad) to descend
sigmoid flexure
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
monorchid
prostate gland
10. 1-2 days
sperm cell
ewe estrus
sow gestation
elastrator
11. 114 days
cow estrus cycle
cryptorchid
sow gestation
Dairy Cattle Lactation (standard)
12. Animals which have only one estrous cycle (ex: dog - fox)
rectal palpation (BSE)
seminiferous tubules
femininity of a heifer
monestrous
13. (FSH) causes egg to mature in females
Dairy Cattle milking schedule
Follical Stimulating in females
Grading choice
mare gestation
14. Completes uterine growth initiated by estrogen and prepares the uterus for nourishment of developing embryo if pregnancy occurs - supports pregnancy by maintaining quiescent state of reproductive tract and suppresses mating behavior - prevents ovulat
cow estrus
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
sperm cell
functions of progestrone
15. (male) definition: duct located outside of the testes. 3 parts: head - body - tail. 4 Functions:concentrate sperm - store sperm - transport sperm - site of sperm maturation. entire process takes ~40-60 days
testis (gonads)
Grading choice
dartos muscle
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
16. Animals which have many estrous periods per year (ex: cow - sow)
scrotum
polyestrous
mare estrus
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
17. Produce testosterone. located between the seminiferous tubules
leydid or interstitial cells
monestrous
eminal vesicles
ewe estrus cycle
18. Actual heat cycle (period)
estrus
Where livelihood is in agriculture
Hard
6-8 weeks
19. To remove/separate testicles from animal's body before animal reaches puberty
reason for seasonal breeding periods
ewe gestation
mare estrus cycle
castration
20. Start of the reproductive tract for the female. located outside of the body
penis sizes vs delivering methods
organs used in spermatogenesis
vulva
Hard
21. BST given to dairy cattle makes the mammary gland more persistent - helps produce more milk. good as Long-term because it does not cause cow to bulk up - provides more milk/cow Which means less cows needed - less cows need to be given feed - lower co
dry-off time in dairy cattle
rectal palpation (BSE)
dairy cattle pregnancy check
effects of BST
22. Milk is 15% ________ and 85% __________.
colostrum
effects of estrogen
sow ovulation
dry matter and water
23. Examine accessory glands - also to know how big the pelvic opening is->heritable->relates to how much dystocia that bull's daughter has
Sperm growth rate
mare's estrous cycle
rectal palpation (BSE)
Parturition
24. Supply nutrients for the sperm following ejaculation and deposition into the female reproductive tract
eminal vesicles
penis sizes vs delivering methods
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
cow estrus cycle
25. Look for infection - split - and rupture of the penis
mare estrus cycle
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
vulva
26. (FSH) helps to regulate puberty - needed every day - stimulates the sertoli cells to produce nutrients for the sperm
testis (gonads)
mare estrus cycle
#1 cost in production
Follical Stimulating in males
27. Sperm is produced here
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
sow estrus
seminiferous tubules
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
28. Can produce 200 calves naturally (~100 bulls) - top 1-2% will grade like him. everything left to chance if no AI performed
Avg. bull specs
vulva
prostaglandin
eminal vesicles
29. Not under a timeline - cow can not be sold as steak
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
feeding a high producing dairy cow
Grading choice
semen evaluation (BSE)
30. Urinary calculi.
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
Blood
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
31. (from Jersey Islands in Great Britain) Smallest cow - least milk - highest butterfat %
Jersey Cow
uterus
Grading choice
pelvis
32. Indicator of sperm production. the bigger the scrotal circumference the bigger volume of sperm because more seminal vesicles available to produce the sperm
Dairy Cattle Lactation (standard)
spermatogenesis
hormones
scrotal circumference (BSE)
33. (FSH) helps to regulate puberty - needed every day - stimulates the sertoli cells to produce nutrients for the sperm
accessory sex glands
mare estrus cycle
Follical Stimulating in males
reasons for castration
34. 336 days
mare gestation
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
Hard
mare's estrous cycle
35. Milk is 15% ________ and 85% __________.
dry matter and water
functions of progestrone
Dairy calves are removed from cow at birth to...
cow gestation
36. When are steers and heifers weaned from bottle feeding?
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
Brown Swiss Cow
mare gestation
6-8 weeks
37. Why does estrus happen before ovulation?
Brown Swiss Cow
vulva
you want as much sperm as possible to come in contact with the egg before ovulation. the main idea is to have the sperm already in the oviduct when the egg passes through
ewe ovulation
38. Serves as a bone cradle for the reproductive system. used greatly in palpation as a 'landmark'.
vulva
sow ovulation
pelvis
dry matter and water
39. Standing to be mounted (last one able to notice); mounting other animals; social behavior-restless - gregarious - activity - vocalizing; frequent urination; mucous discharge
behavioral signs of estrus
accessory sex glands
sertoli cells
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
40. Front feet and head first. (except for hogs and dogs)
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
Blood
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
normal presentation of the fetus
41. Not being bred back into herd. horses are seasonal breeders vs. cows as anytime breeders
stag
sperm cell
Where livelihood is in agriculture
Mares
42. Animals which have many estrous periods during certain periods per year (ex: mare - ewe)
sow estrus cycle
sertoli cells
seasonally polyestrous
sperm cell
43. Allows extension of penis without fibro-elastic penis
Lutinizing Hormone in females
sigmoid flexure
mare estrus
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
44. Cleans and lubricates the urethra ahead of the sperm. (if not - the urine in the urethra has a high salt content and would cause sperm to rupture and die)
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
burdizzo
prostate gland
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
45. 283 days
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
cow gestation
Lutinizing Hormone in females
46. Animals which have many estrous periods during certain periods per year (ex: mare - ewe)
Lutinizing Hormone in males
seasonally polyestrous
sow estrus cycle
Where livelihood is in agriculture
47. Gonadotropic (GnRH) is (FSH and LH). Follical Stimulating (FSH) and Lutinizing Hormone (LH).
ewe's estrous cycle
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
hormones
sow ovulation
48. 1. visual evaluation - 2. scrotal circumference - 3. penis and prepuce observation - 4. rectal palpation - 5. libido test - 6. semen evaluation
libido test (BSE)
pelvis
things to check for in a breeding soundness exam (BSE)
dairy cattle pregnancy check
49. Start of the reproductive tract for the female. located outside of the body
cow estrus cycle
cowper's gland
vulva
Reasons for gestation length being affected
50. Reproduction. more offspring leads to more feed costs - but is offset by reproduction numbers
Where livelihood is in agriculture
Brown Swiss Cow
elastrator
dartos muscle