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Dairy Cattle And Reproduction

Subjects : industries, dairy
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1. reproduction - 2. mastitis/udder problems - 3. low milk production - 4. soundness/poor feet and legs (living on concrete)






2. (male) definition: duct located outside of the testes. 3 parts: head - body - tail. 4 Functions:concentrate sperm - store sperm - transport sperm - site of sperm maturation. entire process takes ~40-60 days






3. What helps regulate spermatogenesis?






4. Indicator of sperm production. the bigger the scrotal circumference the bigger volume of sperm because more seminal vesicles available to produce the sperm






5. 45-60 days after breeding; re-breed as required






6. Animals which have many estrous periods per year (ex: cow - sow)






7. Constitute 50-90% of the volume of the ejaculate. (3 glands total: seminal vesicles - prostate gland - cowper's gland)






8. 1. bring in new genes - 2. replace males with leg problems (difficulty breeding) Note: culling has a much greater emphasis in the dairy industry vs the beef industry.






9. 19-23 (21) days






10. Birthing process (termination of gestation)






11. Duct which connects epididymis to urethra of the penis. transports sperm at ejaculation. cut to sterilize male.






12. Microscopic - make sure not sterile - very few bulls are actually tested






13. Cleans and lubricates the urethra ahead of the sperm. (if not - the urine in the urethra has a high salt content and would cause sperm to rupture and die)






14. Help to signal hormone levels which we need both in the brain right next to each other.






15. 10-37 (21) days






16. 30-38 hours after estrus cycle begins






17. 1. seminiferous tubules - 2. sertoli cells - 3. leydid or interstitial cells






18. 16-20 hours






19. Largest dairy cow - largest udder - highly vascular - eat 40-50% dry matter (eat alot) - most total butterfat






20. FEED






21. (male) definition: duct located outside of the testes. 3 parts: head - body - tail. 4 Functions:concentrate sperm - store sperm - transport sperm - site of sperm maturation. entire process takes ~40-60 days






22. Examine accessory glands - also to know how big the pelvic opening is->heritable->relates to how much dystocia that bull's daughter has






23. (from Jersey Islands in Great Britain) Smallest cow - least milk - highest butterfat %






24. Days which have increasing daylight hours

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25. Contains and regulates the temp of the testes for sperm production






26. When she is pregnant in her last trimester because she needs the energy to carry around and deliver the calf. and when the calf is born because the cow needs the fat to be deposit it into her milk for the calf's energy stores.






27. Luteolysis happens because of the ____________ hormone






28. The more stressed out the male is - the less sperm he is going to produce






29. Reproduction. more offspring leads to more feed costs - but is offset by reproduction numbers






30. Why Dairy calves are fed powdered milk.






31. Cleans and lubricates the urethra. secretion is thick - viscous - and very slippery.

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32. Sperm production






33. 24 hours before end of estrus cycle






34. 265-285 days






35. 1. need to be restricted in amt of grain - 2. no more than 70% of ration can be concentrates. 3. *Acidic acid has to be produced in order for milk synthesis to occur (30% forages)






36. Completes uterine growth initiated by estrogen and prepares the uterus for nourishment of developing embryo if pregnancy occurs - supports pregnancy by maintaining quiescent state of reproductive tract and suppresses mating behavior - prevents ovulat






37. 14-19 (17) days






38. Sperm is produced here






39. Organ of copulation - provides passageway for semen and urine - muscular organ characterized especially by its spongy - erectile tissue that fills with blood






40. 114 days






41. Days which have decreasing daylight hours

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42. Implies the amount of estrogen production






43. Gonadotropic (GnRH) is (FSH and LH). Follical Stimulating (FSH) and Lutinizing Hormone (LH).






44. 45-60 days after breeding; re-breed as required






45. Constitute 50-90% of the volume of the ejaculate. (3 glands total: seminal vesicles - prostate gland - cowper's gland)






46. Castration tool that uses a band around the testicles which cuts off circulation and eventually the testicles fall off






47. Boars and stallions-> deliver semen directly into the cervix. bulls and rams-> deliver semen into the vagina.






48. The more stressed out the male is - the less sperm he is going to produce






49. Look for infection - split - and rupture of the penis






50. Why does estrus happen before ovulation?