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Test your basic knowledge |
Dairy Cattle And Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
industries
,
dairy
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Animals which have only one estrous cycle (ex: dog - fox)
van deferens
monestrous
sow gestation
Avg. bull specs
2. (male) pushes the testes outward toward the legs for a cool-down off of the body
cremaster muscle
mare's estrous cycle
colostrum
uterus
3. 336 days
ewe ovulation
eminal vesicles
urethra
mare gestation
4. Why Dairy calves are fed powdered milk.
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
burdizzo
cervix
#1 cost in production
5. Hold the penis in the bulls body when not in use. releases penis before ejaculation or urination.
testosterone
sow gestation
Parturition
retractor muscles
6. Microscopic - make sure not sterile - very few bulls are actually tested
semen evaluation (BSE)
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
#1 cost in production
things to check for in a breeding soundness exam (BSE)
7. ~60 days before calving
prostaglandin
dry-off time in dairy cattle
sow gestation
Dairy Cattle Gestation
8. To remove/separate testicles from animal's body before animal reaches puberty
behavioral signs of estrus
mare estrus cycle
castration
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
9. Male on one pin and female on other side
Sperm growth rate
libido test (BSE)
cow ovulation
vulva
10. Allows extension of penis without fibro-elastic penis
what has to happen for males for copulation to occur
sigmoid flexure
Dairy Cattle milking schedule
hormones
11. Milk made by mother which includes antibodies for the calf. MUST be given to the calf within the first 24 hrs of life. also provides calf with energy stores. effectiveness lasts from 4-8 months of age.
retractor muscles
colostrum
sow gestation
you want as much sperm as possible to come in contact with the egg before ovulation. the main idea is to have the sperm already in the oviduct when the egg passes through
12. Actual heat cycle (period)
Mares
estrus
Brown Swiss Cow
Jersey Cow
13. 4-6 days
normal presentation of the fetus
mare estrus
eminal vesicles
~1 month
14. % of fat in milk. makes cheeses and ice cream. regulates cost of milk
cow estrus
polyestrous
#1 cost in production
butterfat
15. 1. seminiferous tubules - 2. sertoli cells - 3. leydid or interstitial cells
effects of BST
#1 cost in production
organs used in spermatogenesis
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
16. Sperm production
spermatogenesis
#1 cost in production
visual evaluation (BSE)
Hard
17. Failure to have one testis (gonad) to descend
monorchid
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
seasonally polyestrous
#1 cost in production
18. Supply nutrients for the sperm following ejaculation and deposition into the female reproductive tract
uterus
mare's estrous cycle
what has to happen for males for copulation to occur
eminal vesicles
19. Animals which have only one estrous cycle (ex: dog - fox)
dairy cattle pregnancy check
polyestrous
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
monestrous
20. 45-60 days after breeding; re-breed as required
dairy cattle pregnancy check
seminiferous tubules
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
mare ovulation
21. Days which have decreasing daylight hours
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22. Sperm is produced here
sertoli cells
you want as much sperm as possible to come in contact with the egg before ovulation. the main idea is to have the sperm already in the oviduct when the egg passes through
van deferens
seminiferous tubules
23. Indicator of sperm production. the bigger the scrotal circumference the bigger volume of sperm because more seminal vesicles available to produce the sperm
Follical Stimulating in males
prostate gland
scrotal circumference (BSE)
Jersey Cow
24. Sperm production
Mares
spermatogenesis
retractor muscles
dartos muscle
25. Animals which have many estrous periods during certain periods per year (ex: mare - ewe)
Dairy Cattle Lactation (standard)
mare estrus cycle
seasonally polyestrous
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
26. When are steers and heifers weaned from bottle feeding?
ewe estrus cycle
6-8 weeks
estrous
pelvis
27. 14-19 (17) days
Sperm growth rate
ewe estrus cycle
dry matter and water
visual evaluation (BSE)
28. 114 days
sow estrus cycle
hormones
penis sizes vs delivering methods
sow gestation
29. Indicator of sperm production. the bigger the scrotal circumference the bigger volume of sperm because more seminal vesicles available to produce the sperm
castration
humans: stress level vs sperm
Dairy Cattle milking schedule
scrotal circumference (BSE)
30. Days which have increasing daylight hours
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31. (male) Primary sex organ - produces sperm (male gamete) and male sex hormones - 2 total
testis (gonads)
retractor muscles
seminiferous tubules
rectal palpation (BSE)
32. Hold the penis in the bulls body when not in use. releases penis before ejaculation or urination.
retractor muscles
urethra
organs used in spermatogenesis
oviducts
33. What makes the milk flow through the mammary glands?
reasons for castration
Dairy Cattle milking schedule
dartos muscle
Blood
34. When she is pregnant in her last trimester because she needs the energy to carry around and deliver the calf. and when the calf is born because the cow needs the fat to be deposit it into her milk for the calf's energy stores.
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
what has to happen for males for copulation to occur
Dairy Cattle Gestation
Lutinizing Hormone in females
35. (male) definition: duct located outside of the testes. 3 parts: head - body - tail. 4 Functions:concentrate sperm - store sperm - transport sperm - site of sperm maturation. entire process takes ~40-60 days
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
estrous
reasons for castration
cow estrus cycle
36. Cycle that lasts weeks (ovulation->hormone cycles->ovulation)
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
estrous
seminiferous tubules
elastrator
37. What about the sperm for a bull which has been castrated but still has testicles?
behavioral signs of estrus
polyestrous
Testicles will produce testosterone but not sperm. Bull will attempt to mate - but will be sterile
stag
38. Can produce 200 calves naturally (~100 bulls) - top 1-2% will grade like him. everything left to chance if no AI performed
effects of BST
Avg. bull specs
testosterone
cow gestation
39. S-shaped inside body - relaxes to be exposed for breeding. Disadvantges: muscles weaken with age - cannot always hold it in - exposed to harsh outside conditions or stepped on.
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40. What helps regulate spermatogenesis?
what has to happen for males for copulation to occur
effects of BST
estrous
testosterone
41. 1. reproduction - 2. mastitis/udder problems - 3. low milk production - 4. soundness/poor feet and legs (living on concrete)
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
testosterone
Brown Swiss Cow
penis proper
42. Completes uterine growth initiated by estrogen and prepares the uterus for nourishment of developing embryo if pregnancy occurs - supports pregnancy by maintaining quiescent state of reproductive tract and suppresses mating behavior - prevents ovulat
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
colostrum
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
functions of progestrone
43. Head - neck - mid-piece - tail. genetic material - has an enzyme covering that allows it to penetrate the egg
Parturition
sperm cell
sow estrus cycle
feeding a high producing dairy cow
44. Organ of copulation - provides passageway for semen and urine - muscular organ characterized especially by its spongy - erectile tissue that fills with blood
libido test (BSE)
Sperm growth rate
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
penis proper
45. Head - neck - mid-piece - tail. genetic material - has an enzyme covering that allows it to penetrate the egg
cow estrus
sperm cell
dairy cattle pregnancy check
Dairy Cattle Lactation (standard)
46. Not under a timeline - cow can not be sold as steak
scrotum
Grading choice
polyestrous
sow estrus cycle
47. 283 days
castration
van deferens
polyestrous
cow gestation
48. 1. sperm is not implanted in egg until hours after breeding. 2. fetal growth has not yet finished.
Reasons for gestation length being affected
ewe estrus cycle
leydid or interstitial cells
dartos muscle
49. ~60 days before calving
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
dry-off time in dairy cattle
dairy cattle pregnancy check
Dairy calves are removed from cow at birth to...
50. Failure to have one testis (gonad) to descend
colostrum
monorchid
humans: stress level vs sperm
Jersey Cow