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Test your basic knowledge |
Dairy Cattle And Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
industries
,
dairy
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 147 days
mare estrus
colostrum
testis (gonads)
ewe gestation
2. Constitute 50-90% of the volume of the ejaculate. (3 glands total: seminal vesicles - prostate gland - cowper's gland)
behavioral signs of estrus
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
seminiferous tubules
accessory sex glands
3. Birthing process (termination of gestation)
Parturition
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
burdizzo
Lutinizing Hormone in males
4. Located directly in front of the cervix. fertilized egg implants here. connected to two uterine horns. implantation occurs on the same side as ovulation occurred.
burdizzo
sow ovulation
uterus
mare ovulation
5. 1-3 days
sow estrus
dairy cattle pregnancy check
uterus
visual evaluation (BSE)
6. 19-23 (21) days
sow estrus cycle
dairy cattle pregnancy check
mare estrus
monestrous
7. 30-38 hours after estrus cycle begins
sow ovulation
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
sertoli cells
effects of estrogen
8. Castration tool that uses a band around the testicles which cuts off circulation and eventually the testicles fall off
testis (gonads)
elastrator
stag
Dairy Cattle milking schedule
9. Sperm production
prostate gland
spermatogenesis
Blood
sertoli cells
10. Actual heat cycle (period)
estrous
estrus
ewe estrus
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
11. 1. seminiferous tubules - 2. sertoli cells - 3. leydid or interstitial cells
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
butterfat
organs used in spermatogenesis
eminal vesicles
12. Produce testosterone. located between the seminiferous tubules
leydid or interstitial cells
#1 cost in production
elastrator
Lutinizing Hormone in males
13. Reproduction. more offspring leads to more feed costs - but is offset by reproduction numbers
Where livelihood is in agriculture
age and castration
reason for seasonal breeding periods
dry matter and water
14. Help to signal hormone levels which we need both in the brain right next to each other.
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
retractor muscles
pelvis
15. Pulls sperm and egg together - gets body ready for pregnany - stimulates growth cells - develops mammary glands - starts to deposit fat.
sow gestation
effects of estrogen
femininity of a heifer
effects of BST
16. Indicator of sperm production. the bigger the scrotal circumference the bigger volume of sperm because more seminal vesicles available to produce the sperm
Sperm survival specs
~1 month
scrotum
scrotal circumference (BSE)
17. Depository for semen during insemination. where urine leaves the body
vagina
Sperm survival specs
sow estrus cycle
age and castration
18. (switzerland) 2nd in size and milk production - most muscle -
vulva
femininity of a heifer
mastitis
Brown Swiss Cow
19. 1. brain function - 2. blood flow - 3. willing female
Sperm growth rate
what has to happen for males for copulation to occur
vagina
dry matter and water
20. 114 days
testosterone
sertoli cells
sow gestation
dartos muscle
21. Front feet and head first. (except for hogs and dogs)
6-8 weeks
sertoli cells
prostaglandin
normal presentation of the fetus
22. Contains and regulates the temp of the testes for sperm production
vagina
scrotum
Jersey Cow
~1 month
23. The more stressed out the male is - the less sperm he is going to produce
castration
humans: stress level vs sperm
Where livelihood is in agriculture
eminal vesicles
24. Castration tool that uses a band around the testicles which cuts off circulation and eventually the testicles fall off
ewe estrus cycle
elastrator
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
Blood
25. Animals which have only one estrous cycle (ex: dog - fox)
seminiferous tubules
mastitis
spermatogenesis
monestrous
26. FEED
#1 cost in production
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
vulva
6-8 weeks
27. Front feet and head first. (except for hogs and dogs)
6-8 weeks
sigmoid flexure
normal presentation of the fetus
cow estrus
28. Can produce 200 calves naturally (~100 bulls) - top 1-2% will grade like him. everything left to chance if no AI performed
urethra
Avg. bull specs
polyestrous
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
29. 14-19 (17) days
Jersey Cow
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
ewe gestation
ewe estrus cycle
30. 1. to eliminate breeding the females at an early age - 2. makes animals less lean and provides a better cut for the market
sperm cell
ewe estrus cycle
reasons for castration
age and castration
31. 16-20 hours
cow estrus
urethra
mare estrus cycle
Testicles will produce testosterone but not sperm. Bull will attempt to mate - but will be sterile
32. Days which have increasing daylight hours
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33. 1. reproduction - 2. mastitis/udder problems - 3. low milk production - 4. soundness/poor feet and legs (living on concrete)
sertoli cells
Hard
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
effects of BST
34. Actual heat cycle (period)
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
cryptorchid
estrus
mare gestation
35. 1. visual evaluation - 2. scrotal circumference - 3. penis and prepuce observation - 4. rectal palpation - 5. libido test - 6. semen evaluation
things to check for in a breeding soundness exam (BSE)
oviducts
dry-off time in dairy cattle
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
36. S-shaped inside body - relaxes to be exposed for breeding. Disadvantges: muscles weaken with age - cannot always hold it in - exposed to harsh outside conditions or stepped on.
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37. Prevent the cow from getting an infection from the calve
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
Dairy calves are removed from cow at birth to...
burdizzo
age and castration
38. Can survive ~7 days in cow. vast majority <48 hours
reasons for castration
sow estrus cycle
Sperm survival specs
monorchid
39. 1. bring in new genes - 2. replace males with leg problems (difficulty breeding) Note: culling has a much greater emphasis in the dairy industry vs the beef industry.
sow estrus
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
estrus
femininity of a heifer
40. Prevent the cow from getting an infection from the calve
Dairy calves are removed from cow at birth to...
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
seasonally polyestrous
effects of estrogen
41. 336 days
seasonally polyestrous
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
mare gestation
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
42. ~60 days before calving
dry-off time in dairy cattle
penis sizes vs delivering methods
cremaster muscle
Holstein Cow
43. Check feet and legs - look for masculine traits in build such as crest and muscling
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
humans: stress level vs sperm
visual evaluation (BSE)
Lutinizing Hormone in females
44. Why Dairy calves are fed powdered milk.
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
dartos muscle
prostate gland
estrus
45. What about the sperm for a bull which has been castrated but still has testicles?
Testicles will produce testosterone but not sperm. Bull will attempt to mate - but will be sterile
Parturition
elastrator
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
46. 14-19 (17) days
femininity of a heifer
prostate gland
ewe estrus cycle
semen evaluation (BSE)
47. Days which have increasing daylight hours
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48. Failure to have both testis (gonads) descend
cowper's gland
elastrator
cryptorchid
reasons for castration
49. Failure to have one testis (gonad) to descend
cow estrus cycle
~1 month
monorchid
colostrum
50. Standing to be mounted (last one able to notice); mounting other animals; social behavior-restless - gregarious - activity - vocalizing; frequent urination; mucous discharge
femininity of a heifer
Jersey Cow
behavioral signs of estrus
~1 month