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Test your basic knowledge |
Dairy Cattle And Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
industries
,
dairy
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Why does estrus happen before ovulation?
monorchid
reasons for castration
you want as much sperm as possible to come in contact with the egg before ovulation. the main idea is to have the sperm already in the oviduct when the egg passes through
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
2. 30 hours after estrus begins
mare ovulation
cow ovulation
monorchid
humans: stress level vs sperm
3. What helps regulate spermatogenesis?
rectal palpation (BSE)
Where livelihood is in agriculture
testosterone
Follical Stimulating in females
4. When are steers and heifers weaned from bottle feeding?
6-8 weeks
mare estrus
cow gestation
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
5. 45-60 days after breeding; re-breed as required
dairy cattle pregnancy check
Dairy Cattle Gestation
~1 month
burdizzo
6. Completes uterine growth initiated by estrogen and prepares the uterus for nourishment of developing embryo if pregnancy occurs - supports pregnancy by maintaining quiescent state of reproductive tract and suppresses mating behavior - prevents ovulat
organs used in spermatogenesis
functions of progestrone
Dairy Cattle milking schedule
polyestrous
7. Constitute 50-90% of the volume of the ejaculate. (3 glands total: seminal vesicles - prostate gland - cowper's gland)
estrus
#1 cost in production
Mares
accessory sex glands
8. Cleans and lubricates the urethra ahead of the sperm. (if not - the urine in the urethra has a high salt content and would cause sperm to rupture and die)
prostate gland
femininity of a heifer
elastrator
Dairy Cattle Lactation (standard)
9. Cleans and lubricates the urethra ahead of the sperm. (if not - the urine in the urethra has a high salt content and would cause sperm to rupture and die)
prostate gland
mare estrus cycle
eminal vesicles
age and castration
10. (LH) causes female's egg to break (her period)
Lutinizing Hormone in females
prostate gland
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
Lutinizing Hormone in males
11. 1. visual evaluation - 2. scrotal circumference - 3. penis and prepuce observation - 4. rectal palpation - 5. libido test - 6. semen evaluation
cremaster muscle
things to check for in a breeding soundness exam (BSE)
libido test (BSE)
Holstein Cow
12. Sperm production
dartos muscle
rectal palpation (BSE)
cervix
spermatogenesis
13. Reproduction. more offspring leads to more feed costs - but is offset by reproduction numbers
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
Where livelihood is in agriculture
rectal palpation (BSE)
#1 cost in production
14. Standing to be mounted (last one able to notice); mounting other animals; social behavior-restless - gregarious - activity - vocalizing; frequent urination; mucous discharge
accessory sex glands
behavioral signs of estrus
estrus
Jersey Cow
15. 19-23 (21) days
sow estrus cycle
colostrum
Testicles will produce testosterone but not sperm. Bull will attempt to mate - but will be sterile
polyestrous
16. Gonadotropic (GnRH) is (FSH and LH). Follical Stimulating (FSH) and Lutinizing Hormone (LH).
prostaglandin
mare's estrous cycle
hormones
mastitis
17. When are dairy cattle dehorned?
cow estrus
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
~1 month
scrotal circumference (BSE)
18. 4-6 days
spermatogenesis
sertoli cells
mare estrus
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
19. (FSH) causes egg to mature in females
semen evaluation (BSE)
reasons for castration
Follical Stimulating in females
ewe estrus
20. Small tubes located at the upper ends of the uterine horns. connects uterine horn to infundibulum. passageway of the egg.
oviducts
reason for seasonal breeding periods
polyestrous
vulva
21. Duct which connects epididymis to urethra of the penis. transports sperm at ejaculation. cut to sterilize male.
cow estrus
van deferens
vulva
uterus
22. Animals which have many estrous periods during certain periods per year (ex: mare - ewe)
normal presentation of the fetus
mastitis
testosterone
seasonally polyestrous
23. Start of the reproductive tract for the female. located outside of the body
normal presentation of the fetus
vulva
prostate gland
Follical Stimulating in males
24. (male) pushes the testes upward toward the body for warmth or protection
dartos muscle
Holstein Cow
things to check for in a breeding soundness exam (BSE)
stag
25. BST given to dairy cattle makes the mammary gland more persistent - helps produce more milk. good as Long-term because it does not cause cow to bulk up - provides more milk/cow Which means less cows needed - less cows need to be given feed - lower co
effects of BST
mare estrus cycle
organs used in spermatogenesis
sow gestation
26. Not under a timeline - cow can not be sold as steak
sow estrus cycle
penis proper
sow estrus cycle
Grading choice
27. 16-20 hours
Hard
cow estrus
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
Dairy calves are removed from cow at birth to...
28. When are steers and heifers weaned from bottle feeding?
sow gestation
6-8 weeks
mare estrus cycle
ewe gestation
29. 30 hours after estrus begins
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
scrotum
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
cow ovulation
30. 2 month growth cycle. stored in the epididymis of the bull
reason for seasonal breeding periods
Mares
estrous
Sperm growth rate
31. Larger the cow - more milk is produced; smaller the cow - less milk is produced
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
32. 1. brain function - 2. blood flow - 3. willing female
Testicles will produce testosterone but not sperm. Bull will attempt to mate - but will be sterile
estrus
van deferens
what has to happen for males for copulation to occur
33. Head - neck - mid-piece - tail. genetic material - has an enzyme covering that allows it to penetrate the egg
sow ovulation
#1 cost in production
estrous
sperm cell
34. Boars and stallions-> deliver semen directly into the cervix. bulls and rams-> deliver semen into the vagina.
estrous
penis sizes vs delivering methods
organs used in spermatogenesis
scrotum
35. Larger the cow - more milk is produced; smaller the cow - less milk is produced
#1 cost in production
Where livelihood is in agriculture
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
scrotal circumference (BSE)
36. (male) pushes the testes outward toward the legs for a cool-down off of the body
stag
cremaster muscle
behavioral signs of estrus
reasons for castration
37. S-shaped inside body - relaxes to be exposed for breeding. Disadvantges: muscles weaken with age - cannot always hold it in - exposed to harsh outside conditions or stepped on.
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38. ~60 days before calving
ewe estrus
dry-off time in dairy cattle
stag
estrus
39. Implies the amount of estrogen production
femininity of a heifer
Follical Stimulating in females
oviducts
castration
40. What makes the milk flow through the mammary glands?
ewe ovulation
#1 cost in production
Blood
prostaglandin
41. 2 month growth cycle. stored in the epididymis of the bull
Blood
Sperm growth rate
Hard
rectal palpation (BSE)
42. 1. reproduction - 2. mastitis/udder problems - 3. low milk production - 4. soundness/poor feet and legs (living on concrete)
seminiferous tubules
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
Mares
accessory sex glands
43. Implies the amount of estrogen production
femininity of a heifer
Jersey Cow
dry matter and water
Parturition
44. Superior genes are _______ to multiply
things to check for in a breeding soundness exam (BSE)
scrotum
Hard
mare ovulation
45. Luteolysis happens because of the ____________ hormone
sigmoid flexure
prostaglandin
estrus
sow gestation
46. (male) Primary sex organ - produces sperm (male gamete) and male sex hormones - 2 total
Hard
Avg. bull specs
testis (gonads)
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
47. Animals which have many estrous periods per year (ex: cow - sow)
prostaglandin
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
polyestrous
urethra
48. Milk is 15% ________ and 85% __________.
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
dry matter and water
penis proper
Reasons for gestation length being affected
49. Male on one pin and female on other side
reasons for castration
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
libido test (BSE)
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
50. Days which have decreasing daylight hours
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