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Test your basic knowledge |
Food Chemistry
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
engineering
,
chemistry
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Name a commonly used household chemical leavening agent and the gas it generates.
HPLC has higher pressure than FPLC
Pheophytia does not have magnesium in porphyrin ring.
Phospholipids - water - sulfur compounds - soaps - partial glycerol esters - carbon dioxide - and mineral acids.
Sodium bicarbonate generates CO2
2. 20 grams of amylose is added to 80 grams of water in a bearker; the boiling point is measured with an ordinary mercury-in-glass thermometer. What is the observed boiling point of the material in the beaker?
100 Degrees Celsius (it is not a true solution-there is no boiling point of elevation)
Polyphenoloxidase
Fructose
Sodium bicarbonate generates CO2
3. Will lipid oxidation be higher at a water activity of .05 or .5?
Blue pigment in flowers
Sodium chloride reduces foam stability and sucrose improves foam stability.
Smoother - less acid and less bitter chocolate flavor - darker color - and improved solubility (elevated pH enhances sugar-amino browning reactions and polymerization of flavonoids).
.05
4. When heated ammonium bicarbonate decomposes to form what end products?
Lysine - Arginine - and Histidine
Ammonia - Water - Carbon Dioxide
Oil in Water
No
5. What is the structural difference between chlorophyll and chlocophyllide?
Anomeric
Chlocophyllide does not have a phytoltail
Sodium bicarbonate generates CO2
Heat - Cold Mechanical Treatments - Hyrdostatic Pressure - Irradiation - and Interfaces
6. A chlorophyll molecule reacting with hydrogen exhibits what shade of green?
Polyphenoloxidase
Water
Blue pigment in flowers
Olive Green
7. What are proteins which are soluble in 50-80% ethanol known as?
Two aldehydes
Heat - Cold Mechanical Treatments - Hyrdostatic Pressure - Irradiation - and Interfaces
Prolamines
Water
8. If oxygen attacks an unsaturated fatty acids at the double bond What is the resultant product?
Two aldehydes
It allows the conversion of liquid oils into semisolid or plastic fats and it improves the oxidative stability of the fat.
Proportion of solids in the fat - number - size - and kinds of crystals - viscosity of the liquid - temperature treatment - and mechanical working.
Gliadins and Glutenins
9. Which of these foods is not appropriate to this list? A) Salami B) Yogurt C) Orange Juice D) Beer
Orange Juice
Pheophytin forms
Racemic Mixture
Primary-amino acid sequence. Secondary-alpha-helix - beta sheet. Tertiary-one complete protein chain with cross bonds linking it together. Quaternary-four separate protein chains assembled as one.
10. What two common compounds are used together as an antioxidative system?
Ascorbic Acid and Citric Acid
20 carbons and 4 double bonds
Polyphenol Oxidase
Oil in Water
11. What enzyme is most responsible for browning bananas?
Nonpolar: (Valine - Alanine - Leucine - Isoleucine - Proline)Polar: (Glycine - Serine - Cystein - Threonine - Tyrosine)Charged: (Lysine - Arginine - Histidine - Aspartic Acid - Glutamic Acid)
Whole Milk
Polyphenol Oxidase
Lipase
12. Is a disaccharide
Sucrose
Parabens
Proportion of solids in the fat - number - size - and kinds of crystals - viscosity of the liquid - temperature treatment - and mechanical working.
Initiation - Propagation - and Termination
13. What does Reichert-Meissert Number measure?
Corn- Lysine - Potato-Methionine - Green Peas-Methionine
Initiation - Propagation - and Termination
Whole Milk
Primary butyric acid also caproic acid.
14. How many polypeptide chains make up an antibody?
Four
Proportion of solids in the fat - number - size - and kinds of crystals - viscosity of the liquid - temperature treatment - and mechanical working.
Daminozide
Water
15. What are the only phenols approved for use in the microbiological preservation of foods?
Negative log of the hydrogen concentration (mol/l).
Gliadins and Glutenins
Pectin methylesterase & polygalacturonase
Parabens
16. What is the structural difference between chlorophyll and chlocophyllide?
Chlocophyllide does not have a phytoltail
Pectin methyl esterase or galacturonase
Lipase - lipoxygenase - catalase - chlorophylase - peroxidase - pectinase - protease - ascorbic acid oxidase - alkaline phosphotase.
Thermus Aqauticus
17. Waxes are composed of what two basic chemical entities?
Pectin methyl esterase or galacturonase
Lipase - lipoxygenase - catalase - chlorophylase - peroxidase - pectinase - protease - ascorbic acid oxidase - alkaline phosphotase.
Orange Juice
Fatty Acid (Ester linked) to Fatty Alcohol
18. What is a polymorphism?
Solid phases of the same chemical composition that differ by crystalline structure - but yield identical liquid phases upon melting.
HPLC has higher pressure than FPLC
1 - 3 - 7-trimethylxanthine
Thermus Aqauticus
19. What are two common reducing agents that break disulfide bonds in proteins?
2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) - dithiothreitol (DDT)
Troponins and Tropomyosin
Aspartic Acid and Phenylalanine
HPLC has higher pressure than FPLC
20. Name three nonpolar polar - and charged amino acids.
Nonpolar: (Valine - Alanine - Leucine - Isoleucine - Proline)Polar: (Glycine - Serine - Cystein - Threonine - Tyrosine)Charged: (Lysine - Arginine - Histidine - Aspartic Acid - Glutamic Acid)
Osmosis
Carmelization and Maillard
Milk
21. What are colloids that are stabilized by a layer of solvation called?
Emulsoids
1 - 3 - 7-trimethylxanthine
Anomeric
It allows the conversion of liquid oils into semisolid or plastic fats and it improves the oxidative stability of the fat.
22. What is the protein efficiency ratio (PER) of casein?
Polyphenol Oxidase
2.5
Polyphenols
Aspartic Acid and Phenylalanine
23. Contains the lowest content of water
It allows the conversion of liquid oils into semisolid or plastic fats and it improves the oxidative stability of the fat.
Whole Milk
RNA transcribed to DNA
Pheophytin forms
24. In the enzyme Taq Polymerase What does Taq stand for?
Polyphenol Oxidase
Thermus Aqauticus
2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) - dithiothreitol (DDT)
Non-protein nitrogen
25. What metabolic end product does the Voges-Proskauer test detect?
Acetoin
Racemic Mixture
Cis
Olive Green
26. How is pH defined?
Negative log of the hydrogen concentration (mol/l).
1 - 3 - 7-trimethylxanthine
The speed of a molecule is proportional to the surrounding voltage gradient.
RNA transcribed to DNA
27. If oxygen attacks an unsaturated fatty acids at the double bond What is the resultant product?
Initiation - Propagation - Termination
Carrageenan
Two aldehydes
Racemic Mixture
28. If the absorption of a sample is being determined spectrophotometrically at 420 nm what color is the sample?
Chitin
Yellow
V=IR and P=VI or I x I x are
It allows the conversion of liquid oils into semisolid or plastic fats and it improves the oxidative stability of the fat.
29. What is the main class of color compounds found in raspberries?
Acids - Alkalis - Metals - Organic Solvents - and Aqueous Solutions of Organic Solvents
Anomeric
Anthocyanins
It allows the conversion of liquid oils into semisolid or plastic fats and it improves the oxidative stability of the fat.
30. What is Ohm's Law and What is Power Equation?
Polyphenol Oxidase
They act as catalysts - speeding the polymerization of acrylamide.
Polyphenoloxidase
V=IR and P=VI or I x I x are
31. Name the two components that comprise the relaxing factor in muscle fibers.
Troponins and Tropomyosin
Heat - Cold Mechanical Treatments - Hyrdostatic Pressure - Irradiation - and Interfaces
1 - 3 - 7-trimethylxanthine
Yes
32. Name three compounds capable of poisoning the catalyst during commercial hydrogenation.
Acsulfame-K - Saccharin - Cyclamate - Aspartame
Gliadins and Glutenins
Phospholipids - water - sulfur compounds - soaps - partial glycerol esters - carbon dioxide - and mineral acids.
Fatty Acid (Ester linked) to Fatty Alcohol
33. What does the iodine value measure and how is it measured?
Erythorbic Acid
100 Degrees Celsius (it is not a true solution-there is no boiling point of elevation)
The amount of unsaturated bonds in fat; grams Iodine reacting with 100 grams fat.
Daminozide
34. What are the limiting amino acids in corn - potato - and green peas?
Pectin methylesterase & polygalacturonase
Corn- Lysine - Potato-Methionine - Green Peas-Methionine
Anthocyanins
Anomeric
35. What does MSG stand for?
Thermus Aqauticus
Fructose
Monosodium Glutamate
Anomeric
36. A) Is the major component of most foods.B) Controls shelf-life or storage capabilityC) Regulates chemical and microbiological reactionsD) All of the above
Osmosis
Water
Initiation - Propagation - and Termination
Sucrose
37. The undesirable clarification of orange juice or tomato juice (precipitation of pulp) is caused by what enzymes?
Gossypol (it is removed during the oil refining process)
For proteins: SDA-PAGE. For DNA & RNA: Agarose gel.
Pectin methyl esterase or galacturonase
1 - 3 - 7-trimethylxanthine
38. At what pH is benzoic acid most effective?
An enzyme that converts hydrogen peroxide to water plus oxygen.
Blue pigment in flowers
Solid phases of the same chemical composition that differ by crystalline structure - but yield identical liquid phases upon melting.
pH 3-5
39. Will lipid oxidation be higher at a water activity of .05 or .5?
Pectin methyl esterase or galacturonase
Emulsification
Thermus Aqauticus
.05
40. Peptide bond formation results in the formation of what secondary compound?
Fatty acid composition - free fatty acids versus the corresponding glycerols - oxygen concentration - temperature - surface area - moisture - pro-oxidants - antioxidants
Erythorbic Acid
HLB (hydrophilic-lipophilic balance); a low value (3-6) promotes water in oil emulsions and a high value (8-18) promotes oil in water emulsions.
Water
41. Name the most common functional property of phospholipids in food systems.
Two aldehydes
Emulsification
Anthocyanins
Lysine - Arginine - and Histidine
42. How does HPLC differ from FPLC?
Heat - Cold Mechanical Treatments - Hyrdostatic Pressure - Irradiation - and Interfaces
Osmosis
HPLC has higher pressure than FPLC
2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) - dithiothreitol (DDT)
43. Name three compounds capable of poisoning the catalyst during commercial hydrogenation.
Phospholipids - water - sulfur compounds - soaps - partial glycerol esters - carbon dioxide - and mineral acids.
HLB (hydrophilic-lipophilic balance); a low value (3-6) promotes water in oil emulsions and a high value (8-18) promotes oil in water emulsions.
Degradation of protein and production of acid from sugar at the same time.
Thickener in foods
44. How does HPLC differ from FPLC?
2.5
Anthocyanins
HPLC has higher pressure than FPLC
Lipase
45. Name a commonly used household chemical leavening agent and the gas it generates.
Sodium bicarbonate generates CO2
Microorganisms are very versatile - MO's can be altered by mutations or genetic engineering to produce a greater quantity of enzyme or different enzymes - recovery of enzymes is often easy - readily available - high rate of growth and enzyme producti
Polyphenols
Chitin
46. Name one way foam stability can be assessed.
The degree of liquid drainage or foam collapse (foam reduction) after a given time - the time for total or half-drainage (or half-reduction in volume) - or the time before drainage starts.
Negative log of the hydrogen concentration (mol/l).
Fructose
Speed of Light
47. What is the Peroxide Value a measure of?
Fatty Acid (Ester linked) to Fatty Alcohol
Bright green
RNA transcribed to DNA
Fat Oxidation
48. What are two common reducing agents that break disulfide bonds in proteins?
Gliadins and Glutenins
EDTA - citric acid - malic acid - tartaric acid - oxalic acid - succinic acid - adenosine triphosphate - pyrophosphate - porphyrins - and proteins.
Whole Milk
2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) - dithiothreitol (DDT)
49. What are the three stages of oxidative rancidity?
Anthocyanins
Blue pigment in flowers
Fat Oxidation
Initiation - Propagation - and Termination
50. 20 grams of amylose is added to 80 grams of water in a bearker; the boiling point is measured with an ordinary mercury-in-glass thermometer. What is the observed boiling point of the material in the beaker?
100 Degrees Celsius (it is not a true solution-there is no boiling point of elevation)
Initiation - Propagation - Termination
2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) - dithiothreitol (DDT)
Arachidonic Acid