SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Viniculture
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
industries
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What are two undesirable stereoisomers that might occur in wines if there is skin contact but unripe grapes?
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
2. What media conditions control yeast growth?
cinnamic acid
sugar concentration - temperature - alcohol concentration - nutrients - oxygen and chemicals present
overcoming defects - balancing the wine - enhancing complexity
wood - concrete - iron - plastic - stainless steel
3. What is the common name for a fermentation technique that does not require crushing or de-stemming?
Ratio of fructose is greater than glucose
drying grapes - noble rot
Cabernet Sauvignon - Merlot - Zinfandel - Sauvignon Blanc - Semillion - Muscat
Carbonic maceration
4. Theoretically - how many degrees can a fermentation rise during fermentation?
Lactic
30 degrees C
pigment
overcoming defects - balancing the wine - enhancing complexity
5. What is the depth of toasting when it is a light toast?
surface of interior walls
cool regions
anthocyanins (flavonoid pigments found in red/purplish fruits and vegetables)
tartaric
6. What is the depth of toasting when it is a medium toast?
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
7. What are three types of toasting?
Light - medium and heavy
Hard-veggie or green flavor
cane sugar / grape concentrate
46 -57 degrees F
8. What 3 major components of wine are stored in skin of the grapes? These compounds are correctly called what?
9 - 10 years
Fruit set - Verasion
varietal flavor - color - and tannin compounds
advantage - allows picking grapes at night when temperature is low; disadvantage - major portion of skins are broken
9. What are the two ways that late harvest grapes concentrate sugar?
quercus suber
drying grapes - noble rot
bentonite - activated carbon - gelatin - egg whites - PVPP
Riesling - Guwurtztraminer - Savignon Blanc - Semillon - Hungarian Tokay
10. If the Brix measurement is 24B and the desnsity is 1.12 - what is the % of alcohol if the wine is fermented completely?
surplus & deficiency
% alcohol = 0.58 x (Brix - 2.1) x density - 0.58 x (24 - 2.1) x 1.12 = 14.22%
aid precipitation of suspended materials - reduce color or undesirable smells - stabilize against future cloudiness
anthocyanins (flavonoid pigments found in red/purplish fruits and vegetables)
11. What is the depth of toasting when it is a heavy toast?
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
12. At what time should all chemical use be stopped to insure that no chemical flavors are carried into the wine?
Cabernet Sauvignon - Merlot - Zinfandel - Sauvignon Blanc - Semillion - Muscat
damage to berries is minimal
around the time of verasion (when the grapes change colors)
high
13. What acid usually is detected in the evolution or finish of a wine that has a slightly bitter taste and aids in swallowing food?
Pressing whole cluster
Lactic
Hard-veggie or green flavor
slow oxidation; adding oak phenols
14. What are the primary disadvantages of a continuous press over batch presses?
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
15. What are the three most common still wine bottle shapes used today?
75 - 85%
saccharomyces
Bordeaux - Burgundy - and Alsace
cinnamic acid
16. Phenolic extraction is greatest at low or high must temperatures?
Starting might be difficult and it could stop too soon.
high
Pinot Noir - Chardonnay - Petite Syrah - Gammay - Chenin Blanc
7 - 10 years
17. What is the main reason for acid deficiency in must?
total acidity & ph
slow oxidation; adding oak phenols
bentonite - activated carbon - gelatin - egg whites - PVPP
Reduction of malic acid during ripening period
18. What occurs during racking?
surface of interior walls
clarify and aerate
< 50 degrees F
85 - 90%
19. What are the goals of oak aging wine?
pectins
Solid particles suspended in the must after crushing / pressing
protect cork from cork borers - improve bottle appearance - brand identity
slow oxidation; adding oak phenols
20. What grapes are commonly used in a flute/Alsace bottle?
varietal flavor - color - and tannin compounds
high
White Riesling - Gewurtzraminer - Muscat - Sylvaner - Chenin Blanc
non-flavonoid phenols
21. Sugar is not directly converted into alcohol - how many steps are required to convert sugar to alcohol?
Citric
3
blending
start at verasion and repeat when necessary
22. What is the purpose of de-stemming?
chaptalization
Clarify / aerate wine - separate solids
tartaric - malic - citric
Separate stems from must
23. What is the preferred temperature range for red wine making?
clears juice from its lees
9
72 - 82 degrees F
7 - 10 years
24. What are two types of oxidation that occur in wine making and when do they occur?
Starting might be difficult and it could stop too soon.
Yeast inhibitors - pasteurization - sterile filtration
enzyamatic - in must before fermentation; chemical - during processing and in bottling
White Riesling - Gewurtzraminer - Muscat - Sylvaner - Chenin Blanc
25. If an age able white wine is being produced what impact does skin contact have?
cool regions
color & tannin extraction
1 - no contact 2 - short w/out fermentation 3 - short during fermentation 4 - long during fermentation
contributes to bouquet
26. What is a major by-product of MLF?
Blended with free run - increases color - tannins - complexity
Acetic acid
4 tons per acre
saccharomyces
27. Wine yeasts generally belongs to what genus of yeast?
Air conditioning
saccharomyces
pigments - tannins - acidity
around the time of verasion (when the grapes change colors)
28. Since the fermentation of white wine is done without skins - what two methods are employed to prepare the white grape must for fermentation?
Destemming / crushing followed by press or direct pressing of whole clusters
75 - 85%
Muscat
40 -45 years
29. What is the most practical and most frequent method of correcting acidity in wine?
acid adjustment
White Riesling - Gewurtzraminer - Muscat - Sylvaner - Chenin Blanc
chaptalization
Bordeaux - Burgundy - and Alsace
30. What are the objectives of fining?
slow oxidation; adding oak phenols
Leuconostoc-oenus
aid precipitation of suspended materials - reduce color or undesirable smells - stabilize against future cloudiness
inhibits
31. Maximum color and tannin extraction will typically occur in how many days during the fermentation of red wine?
9
% alcohol = 0.58 x (Brix - 2.1) x density - 0.58 x (24 - 2.1) x 1.12 = 14.22%
cane sugar / grape concentrate
75 - 85%
32. Name three components that are higher in the press run than the free run.
2mm inside wood's surface
vanillic acid and ellagic acid
pectins
pigments - tannins - acidity
33. What is the importance of humidity in barrel aging below 60% RH?
pressure level exerted and type of pressure used
alcohol evaporates through barrel wall more than water
water evaporates through barrel more than alcohol
OH (hydroxyl); tannins
34. What function does a capsule serve?
non-flavonoid phenols
protect cork from cork borers - improve bottle appearance - brand identity
Cabernet Sauvignon - Merlot - Zinfandel - Sauvignon Blanc - Semillion - Muscat
advantage - allows picking grapes at night when temperature is low; disadvantage - major portion of skins are broken
35. What acid should not be used to correct acid deficiencies if a MLF is planned?
Very early morning until noon
Citric
blending with high acid must & ion exchanging
3 - 4mm inside wood's surface
36. What are the two key sugars in grapes?
advantage - allows picking grapes at night when temperature is low; disadvantage - major portion of skins are broken
Glucose and Fructose
2mm inside wood's surface
3
37. What term is used to describe the absorption of oxygen that is common in white wine making?
saccharomyces bayamus
varietal flavor - color - and tannin compounds
oxidation
pre-heating grapes or must to enhance low color intensity
38. What fraction if grape weight is in the free run and press run if you are making red wine?
Brix (US) - Baum (France) - Oechsle (Germany)
46 -57 degrees F
60% free run; 65% press run
72 - 82 degrees F
39. What is the impact of high sugar concentrations (in the 30 - 40B range) during fermentation?
Off-dry table wines (1 - 2.5%) - sweet dessert wines (3% - 28%) - late harvest (8 - 12%)
Light - medium and heavy
Tartaric and Malic
Starting might be difficult and it could stop too soon.
40. What are the two major categories into which wine presses are grouped?
blend varieties - vintages of same variety - locations of same variety - lots of the same vintage
Light - medium and heavy
Muscat
batch & continuous
41. What technique is commonly used to prepare Muscat or Semillon clusters for fermentation?
Pressing whole cluster
inhibits
oxidation
85 - 90%
42. What is the purpose of racking wine?
high
clears juice from its lees
30 -40 years
Clarify / aerate wine - separate solids
43. Blending is a term used to describe a variety of different processes. What are four different ways a wine can be blended?
protect cork from cork borers - improve bottle appearance - brand identity
alcohol evaporates through barrel wall more than water
blend varieties - vintages of same variety - locations of same variety - lots of the same vintage
Cabernet Sauvignon - Merlot - Zinfandel - Sauvignon Blanc - Semillion - Muscat
44. What are two acids most commonly extracted from oak?
vanillic acid and ellagic acid
Lack of oxygen; lack of nutrition; unviable yeast; low temp
pigment
pectins
45. After planting - how soon can the first wine cork quality bark be stripped from the tree?
beginning of fermentation
surface of interior walls
Riesling - Guwurtztraminer - Savignon Blanc - Semillon - Hungarian Tokay
40 -45 years
46. In general - which produces better wine - free run or press run?
aid precipitation of suspended materials - reduce color or undesirable smells - stabilize against future cloudiness
Riesling - Guwurtztraminer - Savignon Blanc - Semillon - Hungarian Tokay
Free run
bentonite - activated carbon - gelatin - egg whites - PVPP
47. Blending is used in order to achieve what goals?
overcoming defects - balancing the wine - enhancing complexity
75 - 85%
tartaric - malic - citric
7 - 10 years
48. What is the major advantage of hand harvesting over mechanical harvesting?
Total acidity
protect cork from cork borers - improve bottle appearance - brand identity
damage to berries is minimal
Lactic
49. What grapes are commonly used in a Burgundy bottle?
Pinot Noir - Chardonnay - Petite Syrah - Gammay - Chenin Blanc
vanillic acid and ellagic acid
quercus suber
Glucose and Fructose
50. For how many years can compounds be extracted from a barrel?
Portugal and Spain
72 - 82 degrees F
7 - 10 years
saccharomyces bayamus