SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Viniculture
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
industries
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Name a country in which the following measurements of sugar are used: Brix - Baum - Oechsle?
Brix (US) - Baum (France) - Oechsle (Germany)
Very early morning until noon
1 - 4 hours
Free run
2. What is the depth of toasting when it is a light toast?
17 - 20 degrees C
up to 24 hours
Yeast inhibitors - pasteurization - sterile filtration
surface of interior walls
3. What acid is commonly found in grapes that have been infected with Botrytis Cinerea?
9 - 10 years
saccharomyces
Citric
Free run
4. What are two acids most commonly extracted from oak?
vanillic acid and ellagic acid
pectins
46 -57 degrees F
around the time of verasion (when the grapes change colors)
5. Sugar addition is also known by what name?
quercus suber
Limousin - Burgundy - Allien - Troncais - and Vosges
color - tannin and body
chaptalization
6. What are the two keys stages of berry development?
10 - 14 degrees C
drying grapes - noble rot
Off-dry table wines (1 - 2.5%) - sweet dessert wines (3% - 28%) - late harvest (8 - 12%)
Fruit set - Verasion
7. How often should long termed cellar wines be re-corked?
30 -40 years
chemicals or blend with low acid/high ph must
9
anthocyanins (flavonoid pigments found in red/purplish fruits and vegetables)
8. When is the best time to add sugar to the must?
acidity - ph - alcohol - color - tannins - varietal aroma - freshness - fruitiness
bentonite - activated carbon - gelatin - egg whites - PVPP
Pressing whole cluster
beginning of fermentation
9. What are five different materials used in storage containers?
10 - 13%
wood - concrete - iron - plastic - stainless steel
beginning of fermentation
cane sugar / grape concentrate
10. What group of compounds give wine color?
beginning of fermentation
water evaporates through barrel more than alcohol
advantage - allows picking grapes at night when temperature is low; disadvantage - major portion of skins are broken
anthocyanins (flavonoid pigments found in red/purplish fruits and vegetables)
11. What yeast will remain active at high alcohol levels?
Bordeaux - Burgundy - and Alsace
saccharomyces bayamus
4 tons per acre
Glucose and Fructose
12. What is the depth of toasting when it is a heavy toast?
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
13. What acid usually is detected in the evolution or finish of a wine that has a slightly bitter taste and aids in swallowing food?
beginning of fermentation
tolerance to different conditions - different by-products during fermentation; flocculation capabilities (i.e. the ability to remove sediment)
cinnamic acid
Lactic
14. What occurs during racking?
clarify and aerate
Acetic acid
enzyamatic - in must before fermentation; chemical - during processing and in bottling
acidity - ph - alcohol - color - tannins - varietal aroma - freshness - fruitiness
15. What are two undesirable stereoisomers that might occur in wines if there is skin contact but unripe grapes?
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
16. Blending is used in order to achieve what goals?
9
overcoming defects - balancing the wine - enhancing complexity
Fruit set - Verasion
Pinot Noir - Chardonnay - Petite Syrah - Gammay - Chenin Blanc
17. The higher compound levels from the press run are related to what action during the making of the press run?
cane sugar / grape concentrate
OH (hydroxyl); tannins
pressure level exerted and type of pressure used
75% must; 16% skins; 4% seeds - 5% stems
18. What is the preferred temperature range for white wine making?
pre-heating grapes or must to enhance low color intensity
46 -57 degrees F
Off-dry table wines (1 - 2.5%) - sweet dessert wines (3% - 28%) - late harvest (8 - 12%)
chaptalization
19. What are three styles of still wine that have at least 1% RS and the range of RS in each?
Off-dry table wines (1 - 2.5%) - sweet dessert wines (3% - 28%) - late harvest (8 - 12%)
Chateau and Export
Fruit set - Verasion
Portugal and Spain
20. Stabilization is a term used to prevent what from occurring in the bottle?
cooling liquid jacket around the tank; dripping cold water on outside of tank walls; air conditioned room
enzyamatic - in must before fermentation; chemical - during processing and in bottling
Separate stems from must
cloudiness & settling of particles
21. What are the main French oak regions?
Limousin - Burgundy - Allien - Troncais - and Vosges
tannins
Yeast inhibitors - pasteurization - sterile filtration
vanillic acid and ellagic acid
22. What is the importance of humidity in barrel aging above 60% RH?
Bordeaux - and Burgundy
Lack of oxygen; lack of nutrition; unviable yeast; low temp
Air conditioning
alcohol evaporates through barrel wall more than water
23. Maximum color and tannin extraction will typically occur in how many days during the fermentation of red wine?
pectins
Citric
9
White Riesling - Gewurtzraminer - Muscat - Sylvaner - Chenin Blanc
24. What are the common practices to inhibit MLF?
early racking - early fining - sulfur-dioxide added
enzyamatic - in must before fermentation; chemical - during processing and in bottling
chaptalization
drying grapes - noble rot
25. Flavors in wine are basically derived from what acid?
alcohol evaporates through barrel wall more than water
cinnamic acid
Free run
1 - no contact 2 - short w/out fermentation 3 - short during fermentation 4 - long during fermentation
26. What are the two acidity parameters that are used to describe the acidity of must?
Cabernet Sauvignon - Merlot - Zinfandel - Sauvignon Blanc - Semillion - Muscat
total acidity & ph
concrete - iron
acidity - ph - alcohol - color - tannins - varietal aroma - freshness - fruitiness
27. What are three types of toasting?
20% - 40%
Light - medium and heavy
early racking - early fining - sulfur-dioxide added
tolerance to different conditions - different by-products during fermentation; flocculation capabilities (i.e. the ability to remove sediment)
28. What are three kinds of batch presses that have historically been used in wine production?
vertical basket - horizontal and bladder press
Acetic acid
Very early morning until noon
Limousin - Burgundy - Allien - Troncais - and Vosges
29. What parameters can be corrected by blending?
Free run
Tartaric and Malic
acidity - ph - alcohol - color - tannins - varietal aroma - freshness - fruitiness
22 - 30 degrees C; 72 - 86 F
30. If an age able white wine is being produced what impact does skin contact have?
10 - 13%
pigment
damage to berries is minimal
contributes to bouquet
31. What is the purpose of a lees filter?
Blended with free run - increases color - tannins - complexity
total acidity & ph
clears juice from its lees
acid adjustment
32. How does the production of late harvest wine differ from normal still wine?
60% free run; 70% press run
glycerol; methanol; succinic acid; lactic acid;
higher pressure and more cycles of pressing
% alcohol = 0.58 x (Brix - 2.1) x density - 0.58 x (24 - 2.1) x 1.12 = 14.22%
33. What technique is commonly used to prepare Muscat or Semillon clusters for fermentation?
Pressing whole cluster
cinnamic acid
Acetic acid
White Riesling - Gewurtzraminer - Muscat - Sylvaner - Chenin Blanc
34. What is the oak used in cork production?
early racking - early fining - sulfur-dioxide added
22 - 30 degrees C; 72 - 86 F
oxidation
quercus suber
35. Which are more easily extracted during fermentation - pigment or tannins?
pigment
mold; all kinds of wine spoilage (micro-organism)
around the time of verasion (when the grapes change colors)
tartaric - malic - citric
36. Alcohol has what impact on yeast growth?
sugar concentration - temperature - alcohol concentration - nutrients - oxygen and chemicals present
inhibits
< 50 degrees F
Pinot Noir - Chardonnay - Petite Syrah - Gammay - Chenin Blanc
37. What are the names of the main barrel shapes?
Bordeaux - and Burgundy
quercus suber
10 - 13%
Solid particles suspended in the must after crushing / pressing
38. What function does a capsule serve?
protect cork from cork borers - improve bottle appearance - brand identity
acidity - ph - alcohol - color - tannins - varietal aroma - freshness - fruitiness
tartaric - malic - citric
tannins
39. What acid should not be used to correct acid deficiencies if a MLF is planned?
72 - 82 degrees F
high
Citric
Brix (US) - Baum (France) - Oechsle (Germany)
40. At what time should irrigation be stopped if dry farming techniques are being used?
at least a month before harvest
Separate stems from must
inhibits
bentonite - activated carbon - gelatin - egg whites - PVPP
41. Name three of the most common methods for stopping fermentation or to allow for later re-fermentation.
tannins
Deep cooling - imposing stress on yeast - adding alcohol
tartaric - malic - citric
slow oxidation; adding oak phenols
42. What is thermo-vinification?
pre-heating grapes or must to enhance low color intensity
protect against oxidation - protect against microbial spoilage
Separate stems from must
pigments - tannins - acidity
43. What are the two ways that late harvest grapes concentrate sugar?
Chateau and Export
sugar concentration - temperature - alcohol concentration - nutrients - oxygen and chemicals present
drying grapes - noble rot
Muscat
44. What is the importance of humidity in barrel aging below 60% RH?
water evaporates through barrel more than alcohol
22 - 30 degrees C; 72 - 86 F
mold; all kinds of wine spoilage (micro-organism)
varietal flavor - color - and tannin compounds
45. Unfermented free run makes up what % of total extractable juice?
75% must; 16% skins; 4% seeds - 5% stems
75 - 85%
Chardonnay
3
46. Theoretically - how many degrees can a fermentation rise during fermentation?
Portugal and Spain
30 degrees C
Lactic
Clarify / aerate wine - separate solids
47. Blending is a term used to describe a variety of different processes. What are four different ways a wine can be blended?
OH (hydroxyl); tannins
Glucose and Fructose
blend varieties - vintages of same variety - locations of same variety - lots of the same vintage
Muscat
48. What polyeric compounds tend to cause colloid coagulation in wine?
Lack of oxygen; lack of nutrition; unviable yeast; low temp
clarify and aerate
pectins
breaks skin's tissue
49. What are the two styles of Burgundy barrels?
Muscat
Traditional and Export
pigment
Very early morning until noon
50. What is the desirable bacteria genus for starting MLF in wine?
Leuconostoc-oenus
vanillic acid and ellagic acid
pre-heating grapes or must to enhance low color intensity
cinnamic acid