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Dairy Cattle Basics

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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1. FSA
Farm Service Agency
35 to 40%
GTPI
Plate chiller

2. On the PDCA Unified Dairy Score Card - the category 'dairy strength' accounts for how many points?
25
40 gallons
Pasteurizing system
5

3. In what year did the Holstein Association start its program of recording carriers of Undesirable Recessive Traits?
1957
3-6 minutes
9 weeks
Propionic acid

4. A cow's gestation period is _______ long?
MyDairy
1
282 days
10%

5. How frequently should an average freshen?
Rolling Herd Average
Guernsey and Jersey
Once every 12 months
Predicted Transmitting Ability-Type

6. FARAD
Decreases - increases
Sire conception rate
30%
Food Animal Residue Avoidance Databank

7. Cows produce pheromones which...
Holstein
Reticulum
Attract the opposite sex
Holstein

8. A disease causing air bubbles under the skin and usually results in rapid death is __________.
Black leg
Solids removal
By dividing the total amount of milk produced in the past 365 days by the total number of cow years in the herd last year.
Milking Shorthorn

9. A mutation where calves have little or no control over the movement of their legs is called...
National Milk Producers Federation
Limber leg
Texas Commission on Environmental Quality
Total Digestible Nutrients

10. All U.S. dairy farms are inspected by state inspectors through a program coordinated by the Food and Drug Administration. Inspectors follow a publication called the PMO. What does PMO stand for?
Symbiotic
20-30%
5-9 years old
Pastuerized Milk Ordinance

11. Which one of the following is the name of the part of the cow's back that lies between the withers and the loin?
9 weeks
60 days
Low blood levvels of ionized calcium
Chine

12. What are the four composite indexes calculated by the Holstein Association?
Udder - feet and legs - body form - & dairy character
2000's
20 to 24
Cheddar

13. Which dairy breed has a restriction for disallowing black markings?
Longer than 1.5 inches
Milking Shorthorn
Escherichia coli
GTPI

14. What ration ingredients contain the highest concentration of energy?
Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation
5
Left side of the body
Fats

15. A free martin is considered a...
Blind quarter
Progesterone
Fat residue
Sterile heifer born twin to a bull

16. Colostrum has approximately _____ calcium - as does regular milk.
Total Production Index
20-30%
Two times
Disbudding

17. NFO
Animal Improvement Program Lab
Post-synch
National Farmers Organization
Cellulose - hemicellulose - and lignin

18. What are two methods for shortening udder hair?
The initiation of milk secretion
Clipping and singeing
Duodenum
Nonfat Dry Milk

19. What are two methods for shortening udder hair?
300 + degree
20
Animal Improvement Program Lab
Clipping and singeing

20. How frequently should an average freshen?
Administered via blood vessels
Once every 12 months
Sodium
Listeria

21. When reffering to vaccinations - what do the letters MLV stand for?
Total Production Index
305 days
Modified Live Virus
2.25

22. The breed of dairy cow generally credited with producing the highest % of both milk fat and protein is the...
Mammals
Jersey
Lignin
Streptococus agalactae

23. What describes the fraction of the ration proteins - which is broken down by digestive enzymes and utilized by rumen bacteria?
% Degradable proteins
45-55
Carbon Dioxide Gas
PH 4.6

24. %DBH
A minimum of every 6 months
Percentage of Difficult Births in Heifers
Dished
Mycobacterium bovis

25. What is the average production lifetime of a dairy cow?
Farm Service Agency
PGF
3 years
Leukocytes

26. What is a TMR to a dairy person?
10
The influence of the sire of the cow on calving ease
Total Mixed Ration
Lactose intolerance

27. When referring to milk test used at the processing plant - What is a DMC?
Methane
Milk fever
Direct Microscopic Counts
60

28. What percentage of whole milk is fat when compared on a dry matter basis?
25%
Guernsey
Longer than 1.5 inches
Increase - 5

29. Heart girth measurements of cows may be used to estimate...
Reduce the incidence of mastitis
Body weight
Feed
Potassium

30. One ejaculation from a bull typically contains _________________ sperm
Heat detection and conception rates
Sole
Sodium
5000000

31. Which part of the digestive tract is responsible for absorbing excess water?
Jersey
Loin and chine
Nitrogen
Large intestines

32. Colostrum has approximately _____ calcium - as does regular milk.
Two times
Nonfat Dry Milk
A B-Vitamin
Mycobacterium Paratuberculosis

33. Normal presentation of a calf for parturition will have...
Progesterone
Animal Improvement Program Lab
Front feet toward rear of the cow with head - nose first - between them
Sodium

34. What numerical value does a Holstein cow get when given the classification excellent?
Texas Commission on Environmental Quality
90-100
Sodium Bicarbonate
10

35. Milk that is low in SCC has more casein - which is a primary component in _______?
Black leg
Cheese
Carbon
Urea

36. When referring to rations - what do the letters NFC stand for?
Water
Non-forage Carbohydrates
Corpus Luteum
A national dairy farmer-funded program that is used to help stabilize milk prices

37. A mutation where a calf is born with a single toe on one or more feet is called...
Mule-foot
Omasum
Front feet toward rear of the cow with head - nose first - between them
8.62 pounds

38. Which purebred dairy breed association introduced a 'dairy price stabilization' program in 2009?
NAtional Research Council
Plant starch - pectin - and sugar
Holstein
305 days

39. A dairy cow that has her feet too far forward (under her belly) is said to be...
Very good
Sickle hocked
Net Energy
Duodenum

40. One of the highest heritability traits for milk is...
Corpus Luteum
% Protein
XY
The bacteria Escherichia Coli

41. At what isoelectric point (point at which proteins have net zero charge) do caseins precipitate?
80
Mule-foot
National Milk Producers Federation
PH 4.6

42. Which mineral functions in maintaining osmotic pressure - acid-base balance - and body fluid balance?
The weaving gait of affected cattle
87%
9%
Sodium

43. Milk with over_____________ somatic cell count cannot legally be shipped in the United States?
Dished
Very good
750000
9 weeks

44. Which system of the cow's body is most affected by paratuberculosis?
Mastitis
Progesterone
Digestive
12-14 weeks

45. What mineral is necessary for hemoglobin formation?
Extremely fat
Guernsey and Jersey
Copper
Vitamin B

46. At how many days can pregnancy be detected by palpation?
Between 14 and 35 days
Left side of the body
Sterile heifer born twin to a bull
Beta-carotene

47. The portion of the ruminant digestive system which is known as and functions as the 'true' stomach is the...
400‐500 gallons
Abomasum
Front feet toward rear of the cow with head - nose first - between them
Total Digestible Nutrients

48. Dairy cows produce milk that is relatively high in B complex vitamins. Because they are ruminants...
Two weeks prior to calving
Jersey
It is not necessary to supplement the intake of Vitamin B complex
Inguinal

49. Which one of the following is not classified as a fat‐soluble vitamin?
United States Dairy Export Council
Restraint and control of the animal
Vitamin B
Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation

50. Approximately how many gallons of blood pass through the udder for each gallon of milk produced?
Non-forage Carbohydrates
400 pounds
North American Free Trade Agreement
400‐500 gallons

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Dairy Cattle Basics

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