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Dairy Farming

Subjects : industries, dairy
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 91% pasture - 6% silage/hay - 3% fodder crops. Break feeding - rotational grazing






2. Drought - low rainfall - high evaporation rates. Supp feeds - split calving - build dam






3. Contaimination of ground water - contam of streams - soil compaction - sedimentation of streams - reduced river flows - damage to neighbouring farms/orchards






4. Surface runoff - effluent from cowsheds - increased stock densities. Reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities - fence off Riparian zones - two-pond system






5. New dairy farm irrigation systems - esp. South Canterbury. Find alternative water source - find farminf activity more suitable to dry climate






6. Environmental Protection. 1 cow waste=14 humans. Stock with open access to streams=increased bacteria and excrement - contam of ground water - fish and waterlife threatened. Dairy is NZ's most polluting industry.






7. Leaching of nutrients into soil - increased stock densities (eg. Taranaki 1975=1.43 cow/ha - 1996=1.7 cow/ha). reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities






8. Cows milked 2x daily - AB used to improve quality of herd - computerised records kept of each cow






9. Summer-milking - drenching bloat - culling - mating. Autumn-topdressing - innoculation - undersowing - drenching worms. Winter-breakfeeding - calving - weaning - selling - fertilising. Spring-weaning - milking - drenching bloat - tagging.






10. Natural condition. Apply chemical fertiliser - change land use - recycle cowshed wastes onto paddocks






11. Grazing-breakfeeding and electric fences. Milking-Aug-May - 2x daily. AB November. Calving-Aug. Herd Improv-concrete race prevents sore feet. Pasture Improv-Phosphat Oct and Mar. Haymaking - 2-3000 bales in Summer.






12. Pasture - breakfeeding - topdressing - spraying - stock management - maintenance






13. People's labour - knowledge and skill; accountant - vet - transport - facilities - machinery - fertileser - hedges - cows






14. Drifting hormone sprays damage fruit - fertiliser burns leaves of fruit trees. Spray/topdress in calm condits only - keep away from boundary - use minimum spray fertilisers - notify neighbours.






15. Taranaki 1975=2% of cowsheds with licensed waste-treatment systems. 1996=100%. Involves deep pond where effluent sinks - shallow pond where ammonia gas released. Treated liquid discharged into stream.






16. Stan Wollands - Pahiatua - Wairarapa






17. Sustainable-use of the environment. RMA 1991 works towards sus. enviro. Economic development=export markets + niche markets - eg organic.






18. Muddy pastures - high humidity. Medication - reduce stock nos - change land use






19. Grazing-breakfeeding and electric fences. Milking-Aug-May - 2x daily. AB November. Calving-Aug. Herd Improv-concrete race prevents sore feet. Pasture Improv-Phosphat Oct and Mar. Haymaking - 2-3000 bales in Summer.






20. Natural condition. Apply chemical fertiliser - change land use - recycle cowshed wastes onto paddocks






21. Milking - culling - harvesting - drenching - feeding - calving - breeding - weaning - maintenance






22. Government - Farmers - Service Agencies - Regional Councils - Product Purchasing Firms






23. Surface runoff - effluent from cowsheds - increased stock densities. Reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities - fence off Riparian zones - two-pond system






24. Relief-100+ ha. Temp-Jan 16 - July 9. Rainfall-1300mm. Soil-fertile alluvial soil - well drained on flat - clay on hills. Grass-ryegrass/clover all year.






25. Heavy winter rain - poor drainage - overstocking. Install underground drainage - use runoff - reduce stock nos - change land use






26. Affects profit - NZ Dairy Board promotes overseas to keep up demand for products






27. Dead calves/cows - spray drift - erosion - stock energy - raw effluent down streams - milk dumping






28. Drought - low rainfall - high evaporation rates. Supp feeds - split calving - build dam






29. Summer-milking - drenching bloat - culling - mating. Autumn-topdressing - innoculation - undersowing - drenching worms. Winter-breakfeeding - calving - weaning - selling - fertilising. Spring-weaning - milking - drenching bloat - tagging.






30. Trampling by cows - increased stock densities. reduce stock densities.






31. Ministry of Agriculture - Financial Assistance






32. New dairy farm irrigation systems - esp. South Canterbury. Find alternative water source - find farminf activity more suitable to dry climate






33. Dead calves/cows - spray drift - erosion - stock energy - raw effluent down streams - milk dumping






34. Roads - water - drainage - land use






35. Profits - calves for replacement - animal manure - silage






36. People's labour - knowledge and skill; accountant - vet - transport - facilities - machinery - fertileser - hedges - cows






37. Ministry of Agriculture - Financial Assistance






38. Pugging - Foot Rot - Bloat - Low Soil Fertility - Short Grass Growing Season - Slow Grass Growth in Summer






39. Erosion on slopes and stream banks from trampling and grazing - increased stock densities. Plant trees on steep slopes - fence off Riparian Zones - reduce stock densities.






40. Trampling by cows - increased stock densities. reduce stock densities.






41. Commercial Interests. Councils/Overseas buyers are applying pressure to minimise impacts






42. Muddy pastures - high humidity. Medication - reduce stock nos - change land use






43. Reinvestment of profits-new shed - improv tanker entrance - purchasing new land. Experience. CS Problems and Solutions






44. Sun - land - rain - water - soil - air






45. Drifting hormone sprays damage fruit - fertiliser burns leaves of fruit trees. Spray/topdress in calm condits only - keep away from boundary - use minimum spray fertilisers - notify neighbours.






46. Too much fresh spring grass. Breakfeeding - medication






47. Reinvestment of profits-new shed - improv tanker entrance - purchasing new land. Experience. CS Problems and Solutions






48. Cold climate - long winter. Supplementary foods - fodder crops






49. Vets - research - accountant - bank - agricultural firm






50. Government - Farmers - Service Agencies - Regional Councils - Product Purchasing Firms







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