Test your basic knowledge |

Dairy Farming

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Natural condition. Apply chemical fertiliser - change land use - recycle cowshed wastes onto paddocks
Low Soil Fertility
Environmentalists Perspective
Foot Rot
CS Outputs

2. Natural condition. Apply chemical fertiliser - change land use - recycle cowshed wastes onto paddocks
Inputs Natural
Case Study
Low Soil Fertility
Pugging

3. Roads - water - drainage - land use
Processes/Throughputs
Regional Councils
CS Feedback
Reduced River Flow

4. Dead calves/cows - spray drift - erosion - stock energy - raw effluent down streams - milk dumping
Processes/Throughputs
Losses
Herd Management
Environmental Problems

5. Stan Wollands - Pahiatua - Wairarapa
Pasture Management
Pasture Management
Regional Councils
Case Study

6. Erosion on slopes and stream banks from trampling and grazing - increased stock densities. Plant trees on steep slopes - fence off Riparian Zones - reduce stock densities.
Pugging
CS Inputs Natural
Sedimentation of Streams
Inputs Cultural

7. +grass - milk - cows - bobby claves - silage - -animal diseases
Contamination of Groundwater
Processes/Throughputs
Service Agencies
Outputs

8. Relief-100+ ha. Temp-Jan 16 - July 9. Rainfall-1300mm. Soil-fertile alluvial soil - well drained on flat - clay on hills. Grass-ryegrass/clover all year.
Herd Management
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
Environmentalists Perspective
CS Inputs Natural

9. Sun - land - rain - water - soil - air
Environmentalists Perspective
Contamination of Groundwater
Inputs Natural
CS Feedback

10. Affects profit - NZ Dairy Board promotes overseas to keep up demand for products
Bloat
Inputs Natural
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
Product Purchasing Firms

11. Trampling by cows - increased stock densities. reduce stock densities.
Soil Compaction
Inputs Cultural
Control of Farm Resources
Riparian Zone Protection

12. Drought - low rainfall - high evaporation rates. Supp feeds - split calving - build dam
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
Feedback
Riparian Zone Protection
Sedimentation of Streams

13. Waikato Basin - Taranaki - Manawatu - Marlborough - Canterbury - Southland
CS Inputs Cultural
Seasons of Dairy Farming
Government
Main NZ Regions

14. 0-1=weaned - tagged - reared for replacement. 1-2=ready for mating - first calf @2. 2+=milking and breeding. 9+culled
CS Inputs Natural
Seasons of Dairy Farming
Life Cycle of a Cow
Pasture Management

15. Milking - culling - harvesting - drenching - feeding - calving - breeding - weaning - maintenance
Pugging
Environmental Problems
Processes/Throughputs
Seasons of Dairy Farming

16. Leaching of nutrients into soil - increased stock densities (eg. Taranaki 1975=1.43 cow/ha - 1996=1.7 cow/ha). reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities
Contamination of Groundwater
Life Cycle of a Cow
Outputs
Service Agencies

17. Relief-100+ ha. Temp-Jan 16 - July 9. Rainfall-1300mm. Soil-fertile alluvial soil - well drained on flat - clay on hills. Grass-ryegrass/clover all year.
Pugging
CS Inputs Natural
Foot Rot
Slow Grass Growth in Summer

18. Cows milked 2x daily - AB used to improve quality of herd - computerised records kept of each cow
Environmental Problems
Herd Management
Reduced River Flow
Product Purchasing Firms

19. Too much fresh spring grass. Breakfeeding - medication
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
Seasons of Dairy Farming
Losses
Bloat

20. Cows milked 2x daily - AB used to improve quality of herd - computerised records kept of each cow
Herd Management
Control of Farm Resources
Contamination of Groundwater
Pasture Management

21. Cold climate - long winter. Supplementary foods - fodder crops
Short Grass Growing Season
Pugging
Environmentalists Perspective
Feedback

22. Heavy winter rain - poor drainage - overstocking. Install underground drainage - use runoff - reduce stock nos - change land use
Environmental Problems
Herd Management
Reduced River Flow
Pugging

23. Sustainable-use of the environment. RMA 1991 works towards sus. enviro. Economic development=export markets + niche markets - eg organic.
Two-Pond System
Gorvernment Perspective
Case Study
Service Agencies

24. Drifting hormone sprays damage fruit - fertiliser burns leaves of fruit trees. Spray/topdress in calm condits only - keep away from boundary - use minimum spray fertilisers - notify neighbours.
Short Grass Growing Season
Inputs Cultural
Dairy Farm Problems
Damage to Neighbouring Farms/Orchards

25. Summer-milking - drenching bloat - culling - mating. Autumn-topdressing - innoculation - undersowing - drenching worms. Winter-breakfeeding - calving - weaning - selling - fertilising. Spring-weaning - milking - drenching bloat - tagging.
Low Soil Fertility
Inputs Cultural
Seasons of Dairy Farming
CS Inputs Natural

26. Taranaki 1975=2% of cowsheds with licensed waste-treatment systems. 1996=100%. Involves deep pond where effluent sinks - shallow pond where ammonia gas released. Treated liquid discharged into stream.
CS Inputs Natural
Pugging
Short Grass Growing Season
Two-Pond System

27. Pugging - Foot Rot - Bloat - Low Soil Fertility - Short Grass Growing Season - Slow Grass Growth in Summer
Losses
Pugging
Pasture Management
Environmental Problems

28. 300+ Jesry cows. Labour-1 fulltime. Fertiliser-phosphate.Sup Feed. Outside Services-Vet - Lawyer - Accountant. Transport-truck - 4 wheeler. 50 Bale milking shed.
Inputs Natural
CS Feedback
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
CS Inputs Cultural

29. Contaimination of ground water - contam of streams - soil compaction - sedimentation of streams - reduced river flows - damage to neighbouring farms/orchards
Dairy Farm Problems
Herd Management
Riparian Zone Protection
Herd Management

30. Cold climate - long winter. Supplementary foods - fodder crops
Short Grass Growing Season
CS Processes
Product Purchasing Firms
Low Soil Fertility

31. +milk solids-improv 32000-120000kg. Bobby calves/Old cows sold. -leaching of fertilisers into soil - high nitrate level in soil.
Two-Pond System
CS Outputs
Soil Compaction
CS Inputs Cultural

32. Drifting hormone sprays damage fruit - fertiliser burns leaves of fruit trees. Spray/topdress in calm condits only - keep away from boundary - use minimum spray fertilisers - notify neighbours.
Herd Management
Damage to Neighbouring Farms/Orchards
Contamination of Streams
CS Inputs Natural

33. Environmental Protection. 1 cow waste=14 humans. Stock with open access to streams=increased bacteria and excrement - contam of ground water - fish and waterlife threatened. Dairy is NZ's most polluting industry.
Case Study
Environmentalists Perspective
Inputs Natural
Farmer

34. Summer-milking - drenching bloat - culling - mating. Autumn-topdressing - innoculation - undersowing - drenching worms. Winter-breakfeeding - calving - weaning - selling - fertilising. Spring-weaning - milking - drenching bloat - tagging.
Product Purchasing Firms
Herd Management
Environmental Problems
Seasons of Dairy Farming

35. Grazing-breakfeeding and electric fences. Milking-Aug-May - 2x daily. AB November. Calving-Aug. Herd Improv-concrete race prevents sore feet. Pasture Improv-Phosphat Oct and Mar. Haymaking - 2-3000 bales in Summer.
Contamination of Groundwater
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
CS Processes
Pasture Management

36. Dead calves/cows - spray drift - erosion - stock energy - raw effluent down streams - milk dumping
Foot Rot
Low Soil Fertility
Environmental Problems
Losses

37. Pasture - breakfeeding - topdressing - spraying - stock management - maintenance
Farmer
Dairy Industry Perspective
Product Purchasing Firms
Life Cycle of a Cow

38. Erosion on slopes and stream banks from trampling and grazing - increased stock densities. Plant trees on steep slopes - fence off Riparian Zones - reduce stock densities.
Product Purchasing Firms
Farmer
Sedimentation of Streams
Product Purchasing Firms

39. Stan Wollands - Pahiatua - Wairarapa
Seasons of Dairy Farming
CS Feedback
Case Study
Contamination of Groundwater

40. Affects profit - NZ Dairy Board promotes overseas to keep up demand for products
Sedimentation of Streams
Dairy Industry Perspective
CS Inputs Cultural
Product Purchasing Firms

41. Commercial Interests. Councils/Overseas buyers are applying pressure to minimise impacts
CS Processes
Control of Farm Resources
Service Agencies
Dairy Industry Perspective

42. Commercial Interests. Councils/Overseas buyers are applying pressure to minimise impacts
Processes/Throughputs
Pasture Management
Dairy Industry Perspective
Foot Rot

43. Waikato Basin - Taranaki - Manawatu - Marlborough - Canterbury - Southland
Seasons of Dairy Farming
Main NZ Regions
Feedback
CS Inputs Natural

44. Trampling by cows - increased stock densities. reduce stock densities.
CS Inputs Natural
Soil Compaction
Case Study
Contamination of Groundwater

45. Vets - research - accountant - bank - agricultural firm
Foot Rot
Service Agencies
Seasons of Dairy Farming
Pasture Management

46. Milking - culling - harvesting - drenching - feeding - calving - breeding - weaning - maintenance
Seasons of Dairy Farming
Processes/Throughputs
Low Soil Fertility
Environmental Problems

47. Grazing-breakfeeding and electric fences. Milking-Aug-May - 2x daily. AB November. Calving-Aug. Herd Improv-concrete race prevents sore feet. Pasture Improv-Phosphat Oct and Mar. Haymaking - 2-3000 bales in Summer.
Government
Service Agencies
Gorvernment Perspective
CS Processes

48. Sun - land - rain - water - soil - air
CS Inputs Cultural
CS Inputs Cultural
Gorvernment Perspective
Inputs Natural

49. Leaching of nutrients into soil - increased stock densities (eg. Taranaki 1975=1.43 cow/ha - 1996=1.7 cow/ha). reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities
Environmentalists Perspective
Contamination of Groundwater
Feedback
Service Agencies

50. Vets - research - accountant - bank - agricultural firm
Pasture Management
CS Feedback
Service Agencies
Farmer