Test your basic knowledge |

Dairy Farming

Subjects : industries, dairy
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Roads - water - drainage - land use






2. Erosion on slopes and stream banks from trampling and grazing - increased stock densities. Plant trees on steep slopes - fence off Riparian Zones - reduce stock densities.






3. +milk solids-improv 32000-120000kg. Bobby calves/Old cows sold. -leaching of fertilisers into soil - high nitrate level in soil.






4. Pugging - Foot Rot - Bloat - Low Soil Fertility - Short Grass Growing Season - Slow Grass Growth in Summer






5. Relief-100+ ha. Temp-Jan 16 - July 9. Rainfall-1300mm. Soil-fertile alluvial soil - well drained on flat - clay on hills. Grass-ryegrass/clover all year.






6. Profits - calves for replacement - animal manure - silage






7. Waikato Basin - Taranaki - Manawatu - Marlborough - Canterbury - Southland






8. Commercial Interests. Councils/Overseas buyers are applying pressure to minimise impacts






9. Sustainable-use of the environment. RMA 1991 works towards sus. enviro. Economic development=export markets + niche markets - eg organic.






10. Surface runoff - effluent from cowsheds - increased stock densities. Reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities - fence off Riparian zones - two-pond system






11. Muddy pastures - high humidity. Medication - reduce stock nos - change land use






12. Grazing-breakfeeding and electric fences. Milking-Aug-May - 2x daily. AB November. Calving-Aug. Herd Improv-concrete race prevents sore feet. Pasture Improv-Phosphat Oct and Mar. Haymaking - 2-3000 bales in Summer.






13. Drifting hormone sprays damage fruit - fertiliser burns leaves of fruit trees. Spray/topdress in calm condits only - keep away from boundary - use minimum spray fertilisers - notify neighbours.






14. Pasture - breakfeeding - topdressing - spraying - stock management - maintenance






15. Environmental Protection. 1 cow waste=14 humans. Stock with open access to streams=increased bacteria and excrement - contam of ground water - fish and waterlife threatened. Dairy is NZ's most polluting industry.






16. Commercial Interests. Councils/Overseas buyers are applying pressure to minimise impacts






17. Profits - calves for replacement - animal manure - silage






18. Government - Farmers - Service Agencies - Regional Councils - Product Purchasing Firms






19. Sun - land - rain - water - soil - air






20. Summer-milking - drenching bloat - culling - mating. Autumn-topdressing - innoculation - undersowing - drenching worms. Winter-breakfeeding - calving - weaning - selling - fertilising. Spring-weaning - milking - drenching bloat - tagging.






21. Trampling by cows - increased stock densities. reduce stock densities.






22. Too much fresh spring grass. Breakfeeding - medication






23. Stan Wollands - Pahiatua - Wairarapa






24. Vets - research - accountant - bank - agricultural firm






25. Too much fresh spring grass. Breakfeeding - medication






26. 0-1=weaned - tagged - reared for replacement. 1-2=ready for mating - first calf @2. 2+=milking and breeding. 9+culled






27. Resource Management Atc 1991 states streams must be fenced off. Is expensive - takes out productive land.






28. Surface runoff - effluent from cowsheds - increased stock densities. Reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities - fence off Riparian zones - two-pond system






29. 91% pasture - 6% silage/hay - 3% fodder crops. Break feeding - rotational grazing






30. Grazing-breakfeeding and electric fences. Milking-Aug-May - 2x daily. AB November. Calving-Aug. Herd Improv-concrete race prevents sore feet. Pasture Improv-Phosphat Oct and Mar. Haymaking - 2-3000 bales in Summer.






31. Taranaki 1975=2% of cowsheds with licensed waste-treatment systems. 1996=100%. Involves deep pond where effluent sinks - shallow pond where ammonia gas released. Treated liquid discharged into stream.






32. New dairy farm irrigation systems - esp. South Canterbury. Find alternative water source - find farminf activity more suitable to dry climate






33. Heavy winter rain - poor drainage - overstocking. Install underground drainage - use runoff - reduce stock nos - change land use






34. Affects profit - NZ Dairy Board promotes overseas to keep up demand for products






35. 300+ Jesry cows. Labour-1 fulltime. Fertiliser-phosphate.Sup Feed. Outside Services-Vet - Lawyer - Accountant. Transport-truck - 4 wheeler. 50 Bale milking shed.






36. +grass - milk - cows - bobby claves - silage - -animal diseases






37. Stan Wollands - Pahiatua - Wairarapa






38. Heavy winter rain - poor drainage - overstocking. Install underground drainage - use runoff - reduce stock nos - change land use






39. Affects profit - NZ Dairy Board promotes overseas to keep up demand for products






40. Drought - low rainfall - high evaporation rates. Supp feeds - split calving - build dam






41. 91% pasture - 6% silage/hay - 3% fodder crops. Break feeding - rotational grazing






42. Environmental Protection. 1 cow waste=14 humans. Stock with open access to streams=increased bacteria and excrement - contam of ground water - fish and waterlife threatened. Dairy is NZ's most polluting industry.






43. Milking - culling - harvesting - drenching - feeding - calving - breeding - weaning - maintenance






44. Leaching of nutrients into soil - increased stock densities (eg. Taranaki 1975=1.43 cow/ha - 1996=1.7 cow/ha). reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities






45. Muddy pastures - high humidity. Medication - reduce stock nos - change land use






46. Waikato Basin - Taranaki - Manawatu - Marlborough - Canterbury - Southland






47. Leaching of nutrients into soil - increased stock densities (eg. Taranaki 1975=1.43 cow/ha - 1996=1.7 cow/ha). reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities






48. Contaimination of ground water - contam of streams - soil compaction - sedimentation of streams - reduced river flows - damage to neighbouring farms/orchards






49. Drifting hormone sprays damage fruit - fertiliser burns leaves of fruit trees. Spray/topdress in calm condits only - keep away from boundary - use minimum spray fertilisers - notify neighbours.






50. Erosion on slopes and stream banks from trampling and grazing - increased stock densities. Plant trees on steep slopes - fence off Riparian Zones - reduce stock densities.