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Test your basic knowledge |
Dairy Farming
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
industries
,
dairy
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Muddy pastures - high humidity. Medication - reduce stock nos - change land use
Contamination of Groundwater
Foot Rot
Environmental Problems
Product Purchasing Firms
2. Government - Farmers - Service Agencies - Regional Councils - Product Purchasing Firms
Pugging
Control of Farm Resources
Outputs
Inputs Cultural
3. +milk solids-improv 32000-120000kg. Bobby calves/Old cows sold. -leaching of fertilisers into soil - high nitrate level in soil.
CS Outputs
Two-Pond System
Sedimentation of Streams
Pasture Management
4. Cows milked 2x daily - AB used to improve quality of herd - computerised records kept of each cow
Losses
Regional Councils
Life Cycle of a Cow
Herd Management
5. Erosion on slopes and stream banks from trampling and grazing - increased stock densities. Plant trees on steep slopes - fence off Riparian Zones - reduce stock densities.
Government
Bloat
Low Soil Fertility
Sedimentation of Streams
6. Reinvestment of profits-new shed - improv tanker entrance - purchasing new land. Experience. CS Problems and Solutions
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
Soil Compaction
CS Feedback
Seasons of Dairy Farming
7. Milking - culling - harvesting - drenching - feeding - calving - breeding - weaning - maintenance
Processes/Throughputs
CS Inputs Cultural
Control of Farm Resources
Bloat
8. Cold climate - long winter. Supplementary foods - fodder crops
Foot Rot
Contamination of Streams
Processes/Throughputs
Short Grass Growing Season
9. Roads - water - drainage - land use
Dairy Industry Perspective
Regional Councils
Soil Compaction
CS Feedback
10. Roads - water - drainage - land use
Riparian Zone Protection
Processes/Throughputs
Regional Councils
Short Grass Growing Season
11. Waikato Basin - Taranaki - Manawatu - Marlborough - Canterbury - Southland
Sedimentation of Streams
CS Processes
Product Purchasing Firms
Main NZ Regions
12. Waikato Basin - Taranaki - Manawatu - Marlborough - Canterbury - Southland
Riparian Zone Protection
Gorvernment Perspective
Main NZ Regions
Sedimentation of Streams
13. Heavy winter rain - poor drainage - overstocking. Install underground drainage - use runoff - reduce stock nos - change land use
Main NZ Regions
Dairy Industry Perspective
Losses
Pugging
14. Vets - research - accountant - bank - agricultural firm
Sedimentation of Streams
Product Purchasing Firms
Regional Councils
Service Agencies
15. Sustainable-use of the environment. RMA 1991 works towards sus. enviro. Economic development=export markets + niche markets - eg organic.
Government
Gorvernment Perspective
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
CS Outputs
16. Environmental Protection. 1 cow waste=14 humans. Stock with open access to streams=increased bacteria and excrement - contam of ground water - fish and waterlife threatened. Dairy is NZ's most polluting industry.
Herd Management
Inputs Cultural
Contamination of Streams
Environmentalists Perspective
17. +grass - milk - cows - bobby claves - silage - -animal diseases
Reduced River Flow
Outputs
Herd Management
Bloat
18. Profits - calves for replacement - animal manure - silage
CS Inputs Cultural
Case Study
Feedback
Seasons of Dairy Farming
19. Contaimination of ground water - contam of streams - soil compaction - sedimentation of streams - reduced river flows - damage to neighbouring farms/orchards
Dairy Farm Problems
Regional Councils
CS Inputs Natural
Dairy Industry Perspective
20. Dead calves/cows - spray drift - erosion - stock energy - raw effluent down streams - milk dumping
CS Feedback
Losses
CS Inputs Natural
CS Inputs Natural
21. Summer-milking - drenching bloat - culling - mating. Autumn-topdressing - innoculation - undersowing - drenching worms. Winter-breakfeeding - calving - weaning - selling - fertilising. Spring-weaning - milking - drenching bloat - tagging.
Low Soil Fertility
Pasture Management
Seasons of Dairy Farming
Contamination of Streams
22. Erosion on slopes and stream banks from trampling and grazing - increased stock densities. Plant trees on steep slopes - fence off Riparian Zones - reduce stock densities.
Sedimentation of Streams
Seasons of Dairy Farming
Pugging
Damage to Neighbouring Farms/Orchards
23. Summer-milking - drenching bloat - culling - mating. Autumn-topdressing - innoculation - undersowing - drenching worms. Winter-breakfeeding - calving - weaning - selling - fertilising. Spring-weaning - milking - drenching bloat - tagging.
Seasons of Dairy Farming
Farmer
CS Feedback
Feedback
24. Stan Wollands - Pahiatua - Wairarapa
Inputs Natural
Two-Pond System
Government
Case Study
25. New dairy farm irrigation systems - esp. South Canterbury. Find alternative water source - find farminf activity more suitable to dry climate
Reduced River Flow
Pugging
Inputs Natural
CS Processes
26. Milking - culling - harvesting - drenching - feeding - calving - breeding - weaning - maintenance
Soil Compaction
CS Feedback
Processes/Throughputs
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
27. Natural condition. Apply chemical fertiliser - change land use - recycle cowshed wastes onto paddocks
Environmental Problems
Feedback
Low Soil Fertility
Sedimentation of Streams
28. Profits - calves for replacement - animal manure - silage
Feedback
Service Agencies
Main NZ Regions
CS Inputs Natural
29. Grazing-breakfeeding and electric fences. Milking-Aug-May - 2x daily. AB November. Calving-Aug. Herd Improv-concrete race prevents sore feet. Pasture Improv-Phosphat Oct and Mar. Haymaking - 2-3000 bales in Summer.
Main NZ Regions
CS Processes
Riparian Zone Protection
CS Inputs Natural
30. Sun - land - rain - water - soil - air
CS Outputs
Environmental Problems
Regional Councils
Inputs Natural
31. Sustainable-use of the environment. RMA 1991 works towards sus. enviro. Economic development=export markets + niche markets - eg organic.
Control of Farm Resources
Gorvernment Perspective
Dairy Farm Problems
Life Cycle of a Cow
32. New dairy farm irrigation systems - esp. South Canterbury. Find alternative water source - find farminf activity more suitable to dry climate
Pasture Management
Case Study
Life Cycle of a Cow
Reduced River Flow
33. +milk solids-improv 32000-120000kg. Bobby calves/Old cows sold. -leaching of fertilisers into soil - high nitrate level in soil.
Riparian Zone Protection
Soil Compaction
CS Outputs
Seasons of Dairy Farming
34. Vets - research - accountant - bank - agricultural firm
Seasons of Dairy Farming
Sedimentation of Streams
Service Agencies
Regional Councils
35. Ministry of Agriculture - Financial Assistance
Main NZ Regions
Life Cycle of a Cow
Government
Environmental Problems
36. Ministry of Agriculture - Financial Assistance
Losses
Product Purchasing Firms
Environmentalists Perspective
Government
37. Drought - low rainfall - high evaporation rates. Supp feeds - split calving - build dam
Reduced River Flow
CS Processes
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
Herd Management
38. Taranaki 1975=2% of cowsheds with licensed waste-treatment systems. 1996=100%. Involves deep pond where effluent sinks - shallow pond where ammonia gas released. Treated liquid discharged into stream.
Feedback
Two-Pond System
Control of Farm Resources
Sedimentation of Streams
39. Pasture - breakfeeding - topdressing - spraying - stock management - maintenance
Life Cycle of a Cow
Contamination of Groundwater
Farmer
CS Processes
40. People's labour - knowledge and skill; accountant - vet - transport - facilities - machinery - fertileser - hedges - cows
Product Purchasing Firms
Government
Inputs Cultural
Soil Compaction
41. Heavy winter rain - poor drainage - overstocking. Install underground drainage - use runoff - reduce stock nos - change land use
Environmentalists Perspective
CS Inputs Cultural
Two-Pond System
Pugging
42. Grazing-breakfeeding and electric fences. Milking-Aug-May - 2x daily. AB November. Calving-Aug. Herd Improv-concrete race prevents sore feet. Pasture Improv-Phosphat Oct and Mar. Haymaking - 2-3000 bales in Summer.
Gorvernment Perspective
Pasture Management
Government
CS Processes
43. Resource Management Atc 1991 states streams must be fenced off. Is expensive - takes out productive land.
Riparian Zone Protection
Government
Seasons of Dairy Farming
CS Outputs
44. Relief-100+ ha. Temp-Jan 16 - July 9. Rainfall-1300mm. Soil-fertile alluvial soil - well drained on flat - clay on hills. Grass-ryegrass/clover all year.
Sedimentation of Streams
CS Inputs Natural
Short Grass Growing Season
Pasture Management
45. 0-1=weaned - tagged - reared for replacement. 1-2=ready for mating - first calf @2. 2+=milking and breeding. 9+culled
Life Cycle of a Cow
Environmental Problems
Product Purchasing Firms
Seasons of Dairy Farming
46. Surface runoff - effluent from cowsheds - increased stock densities. Reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities - fence off Riparian zones - two-pond system
Environmentalists Perspective
Contamination of Streams
Bloat
CS Inputs Cultural
47. Trampling by cows - increased stock densities. reduce stock densities.
Sedimentation of Streams
Soil Compaction
Outputs
Environmental Problems
48. Commercial Interests. Councils/Overseas buyers are applying pressure to minimise impacts
Service Agencies
Sedimentation of Streams
Gorvernment Perspective
Dairy Industry Perspective
49. Surface runoff - effluent from cowsheds - increased stock densities. Reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities - fence off Riparian zones - two-pond system
Main NZ Regions
Sedimentation of Streams
Contamination of Streams
Outputs
50. Leaching of nutrients into soil - increased stock densities (eg. Taranaki 1975=1.43 cow/ha - 1996=1.7 cow/ha). reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities
Environmentalists Perspective
Contamination of Groundwater
Outputs
Feedback