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Test your basic knowledge |
Dairy Farming
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
industries
,
dairy
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Roads - water - drainage - land use
CS Inputs Cultural
Regional Councils
Contamination of Streams
Farmer
2. People's labour - knowledge and skill; accountant - vet - transport - facilities - machinery - fertileser - hedges - cows
Processes/Throughputs
Sedimentation of Streams
Inputs Cultural
Damage to Neighbouring Farms/Orchards
3. 0-1=weaned - tagged - reared for replacement. 1-2=ready for mating - first calf @2. 2+=milking and breeding. 9+culled
CS Inputs Natural
Life Cycle of a Cow
Losses
Bloat
4. Contaimination of ground water - contam of streams - soil compaction - sedimentation of streams - reduced river flows - damage to neighbouring farms/orchards
Low Soil Fertility
Losses
Bloat
Dairy Farm Problems
5. People's labour - knowledge and skill; accountant - vet - transport - facilities - machinery - fertileser - hedges - cows
Riparian Zone Protection
Pugging
Farmer
Inputs Cultural
6. 300+ Jesry cows. Labour-1 fulltime. Fertiliser-phosphate.Sup Feed. Outside Services-Vet - Lawyer - Accountant. Transport-truck - 4 wheeler. 50 Bale milking shed.
Processes/Throughputs
Outputs
CS Inputs Cultural
Short Grass Growing Season
7. Sun - land - rain - water - soil - air
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
Soil Compaction
Environmentalists Perspective
Inputs Natural
8. Ministry of Agriculture - Financial Assistance
Losses
Outputs
Government
Dairy Farm Problems
9. Pugging - Foot Rot - Bloat - Low Soil Fertility - Short Grass Growing Season - Slow Grass Growth in Summer
Environmental Problems
Case Study
Soil Compaction
Herd Management
10. Heavy winter rain - poor drainage - overstocking. Install underground drainage - use runoff - reduce stock nos - change land use
Processes/Throughputs
Pugging
Government
Losses
11. Grazing-breakfeeding and electric fences. Milking-Aug-May - 2x daily. AB November. Calving-Aug. Herd Improv-concrete race prevents sore feet. Pasture Improv-Phosphat Oct and Mar. Haymaking - 2-3000 bales in Summer.
Short Grass Growing Season
CS Processes
Dairy Industry Perspective
Service Agencies
12. Milking - culling - harvesting - drenching - feeding - calving - breeding - weaning - maintenance
Processes/Throughputs
Losses
Contamination of Streams
Inputs Cultural
13. Taranaki 1975=2% of cowsheds with licensed waste-treatment systems. 1996=100%. Involves deep pond where effluent sinks - shallow pond where ammonia gas released. Treated liquid discharged into stream.
Seasons of Dairy Farming
Environmental Problems
Two-Pond System
Foot Rot
14. Drifting hormone sprays damage fruit - fertiliser burns leaves of fruit trees. Spray/topdress in calm condits only - keep away from boundary - use minimum spray fertilisers - notify neighbours.
Damage to Neighbouring Farms/Orchards
Feedback
Environmentalists Perspective
Product Purchasing Firms
15. 0-1=weaned - tagged - reared for replacement. 1-2=ready for mating - first calf @2. 2+=milking and breeding. 9+culled
Environmental Problems
Feedback
Inputs Natural
Life Cycle of a Cow
16. Taranaki 1975=2% of cowsheds with licensed waste-treatment systems. 1996=100%. Involves deep pond where effluent sinks - shallow pond where ammonia gas released. Treated liquid discharged into stream.
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
Environmental Problems
Product Purchasing Firms
Two-Pond System
17. Affects profit - NZ Dairy Board promotes overseas to keep up demand for products
Product Purchasing Firms
Service Agencies
Pugging
Foot Rot
18. Government - Farmers - Service Agencies - Regional Councils - Product Purchasing Firms
Herd Management
Pugging
Seasons of Dairy Farming
Control of Farm Resources
19. Commercial Interests. Councils/Overseas buyers are applying pressure to minimise impacts
Dairy Industry Perspective
Bloat
CS Processes
Case Study
20. Drought - low rainfall - high evaporation rates. Supp feeds - split calving - build dam
Sedimentation of Streams
Case Study
CS Feedback
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
21. Summer-milking - drenching bloat - culling - mating. Autumn-topdressing - innoculation - undersowing - drenching worms. Winter-breakfeeding - calving - weaning - selling - fertilising. Spring-weaning - milking - drenching bloat - tagging.
Bloat
Dairy Industry Perspective
Damage to Neighbouring Farms/Orchards
Seasons of Dairy Farming
22. Surface runoff - effluent from cowsheds - increased stock densities. Reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities - fence off Riparian zones - two-pond system
Processes/Throughputs
Main NZ Regions
Contamination of Streams
Control of Farm Resources
23. Muddy pastures - high humidity. Medication - reduce stock nos - change land use
Gorvernment Perspective
CS Feedback
Foot Rot
Contamination of Groundwater
24. Leaching of nutrients into soil - increased stock densities (eg. Taranaki 1975=1.43 cow/ha - 1996=1.7 cow/ha). reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities
Contamination of Groundwater
Pugging
Bloat
Environmental Problems
25. Reinvestment of profits-new shed - improv tanker entrance - purchasing new land. Experience. CS Problems and Solutions
Contamination of Streams
CS Feedback
Foot Rot
Reduced River Flow
26. 91% pasture - 6% silage/hay - 3% fodder crops. Break feeding - rotational grazing
Sedimentation of Streams
Pugging
Pasture Management
Product Purchasing Firms
27. Government - Farmers - Service Agencies - Regional Councils - Product Purchasing Firms
Losses
Environmental Problems
Short Grass Growing Season
Control of Farm Resources
28. Environmental Protection. 1 cow waste=14 humans. Stock with open access to streams=increased bacteria and excrement - contam of ground water - fish and waterlife threatened. Dairy is NZ's most polluting industry.
CS Feedback
Environmentalists Perspective
Foot Rot
Gorvernment Perspective
29. Trampling by cows - increased stock densities. reduce stock densities.
Dairy Farm Problems
Inputs Cultural
Soil Compaction
CS Processes
30. Environmental Protection. 1 cow waste=14 humans. Stock with open access to streams=increased bacteria and excrement - contam of ground water - fish and waterlife threatened. Dairy is NZ's most polluting industry.
Seasons of Dairy Farming
Environmentalists Perspective
Foot Rot
Case Study
31. +milk solids-improv 32000-120000kg. Bobby calves/Old cows sold. -leaching of fertilisers into soil - high nitrate level in soil.
Two-Pond System
CS Outputs
Contamination of Groundwater
Soil Compaction
32. +grass - milk - cows - bobby claves - silage - -animal diseases
Outputs
Dairy Industry Perspective
Processes/Throughputs
Feedback
33. Affects profit - NZ Dairy Board promotes overseas to keep up demand for products
Herd Management
Foot Rot
Government
Product Purchasing Firms
34. Pasture - breakfeeding - topdressing - spraying - stock management - maintenance
Dairy Industry Perspective
Government
Farmer
Contamination of Streams
35. Contaimination of ground water - contam of streams - soil compaction - sedimentation of streams - reduced river flows - damage to neighbouring farms/orchards
Dairy Farm Problems
Contamination of Streams
Losses
CS Outputs
36. Pugging - Foot Rot - Bloat - Low Soil Fertility - Short Grass Growing Season - Slow Grass Growth in Summer
Environmentalists Perspective
Contamination of Groundwater
Environmental Problems
Dairy Farm Problems
37. Sun - land - rain - water - soil - air
Pasture Management
Inputs Natural
CS Outputs
CS Inputs Cultural
38. Roads - water - drainage - land use
Contamination of Streams
Gorvernment Perspective
Inputs Natural
Regional Councils
39. Pasture - breakfeeding - topdressing - spraying - stock management - maintenance
Farmer
CS Outputs
Pugging
Sedimentation of Streams
40. Natural condition. Apply chemical fertiliser - change land use - recycle cowshed wastes onto paddocks
Low Soil Fertility
Government
Main NZ Regions
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
41. Erosion on slopes and stream banks from trampling and grazing - increased stock densities. Plant trees on steep slopes - fence off Riparian Zones - reduce stock densities.
Bloat
Sedimentation of Streams
Product Purchasing Firms
Pasture Management
42. Relief-100+ ha. Temp-Jan 16 - July 9. Rainfall-1300mm. Soil-fertile alluvial soil - well drained on flat - clay on hills. Grass-ryegrass/clover all year.
CS Inputs Natural
Life Cycle of a Cow
Low Soil Fertility
Government
43. Ministry of Agriculture - Financial Assistance
Dairy Industry Perspective
Government
Farmer
Gorvernment Perspective
44. Natural condition. Apply chemical fertiliser - change land use - recycle cowshed wastes onto paddocks
Low Soil Fertility
Regional Councils
Dairy Farm Problems
Damage to Neighbouring Farms/Orchards
45. Vets - research - accountant - bank - agricultural firm
Service Agencies
Pugging
Foot Rot
Life Cycle of a Cow
46. Waikato Basin - Taranaki - Manawatu - Marlborough - Canterbury - Southland
Regional Councils
Contamination of Groundwater
CS Outputs
Main NZ Regions
47. Dead calves/cows - spray drift - erosion - stock energy - raw effluent down streams - milk dumping
Feedback
Foot Rot
Losses
CS Feedback
48. New dairy farm irrigation systems - esp. South Canterbury. Find alternative water source - find farminf activity more suitable to dry climate
Case Study
Government
Product Purchasing Firms
Reduced River Flow
49. Cold climate - long winter. Supplementary foods - fodder crops
Service Agencies
Short Grass Growing Season
Inputs Natural
Government
50. Surface runoff - effluent from cowsheds - increased stock densities. Reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities - fence off Riparian zones - two-pond system
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
Contamination of Streams
Environmental Problems
Seasons of Dairy Farming
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