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Dairy Farming

Subjects : industries, dairy
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Sustainable-use of the environment. RMA 1991 works towards sus. enviro. Economic development=export markets + niche markets - eg organic.






2. Stan Wollands - Pahiatua - Wairarapa






3. Cows milked 2x daily - AB used to improve quality of herd - computerised records kept of each cow






4. Sun - land - rain - water - soil - air






5. Surface runoff - effluent from cowsheds - increased stock densities. Reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities - fence off Riparian zones - two-pond system






6. Contaimination of ground water - contam of streams - soil compaction - sedimentation of streams - reduced river flows - damage to neighbouring farms/orchards






7. Summer-milking - drenching bloat - culling - mating. Autumn-topdressing - innoculation - undersowing - drenching worms. Winter-breakfeeding - calving - weaning - selling - fertilising. Spring-weaning - milking - drenching bloat - tagging.






8. People's labour - knowledge and skill; accountant - vet - transport - facilities - machinery - fertileser - hedges - cows






9. Natural condition. Apply chemical fertiliser - change land use - recycle cowshed wastes onto paddocks






10. People's labour - knowledge and skill; accountant - vet - transport - facilities - machinery - fertileser - hedges - cows






11. Cold climate - long winter. Supplementary foods - fodder crops






12. Contaimination of ground water - contam of streams - soil compaction - sedimentation of streams - reduced river flows - damage to neighbouring farms/orchards






13. Drifting hormone sprays damage fruit - fertiliser burns leaves of fruit trees. Spray/topdress in calm condits only - keep away from boundary - use minimum spray fertilisers - notify neighbours.






14. Vets - research - accountant - bank - agricultural firm






15. Waikato Basin - Taranaki - Manawatu - Marlborough - Canterbury - Southland






16. Pugging - Foot Rot - Bloat - Low Soil Fertility - Short Grass Growing Season - Slow Grass Growth in Summer






17. Heavy winter rain - poor drainage - overstocking. Install underground drainage - use runoff - reduce stock nos - change land use






18. Profits - calves for replacement - animal manure - silage






19. 91% pasture - 6% silage/hay - 3% fodder crops. Break feeding - rotational grazing






20. Dead calves/cows - spray drift - erosion - stock energy - raw effluent down streams - milk dumping






21. Commercial Interests. Councils/Overseas buyers are applying pressure to minimise impacts






22. Pasture - breakfeeding - topdressing - spraying - stock management - maintenance






23. Affects profit - NZ Dairy Board promotes overseas to keep up demand for products






24. New dairy farm irrigation systems - esp. South Canterbury. Find alternative water source - find farminf activity more suitable to dry climate






25. Sun - land - rain - water - soil - air






26. Roads - water - drainage - land use






27. +milk solids-improv 32000-120000kg. Bobby calves/Old cows sold. -leaching of fertilisers into soil - high nitrate level in soil.






28. Environmental Protection. 1 cow waste=14 humans. Stock with open access to streams=increased bacteria and excrement - contam of ground water - fish and waterlife threatened. Dairy is NZ's most polluting industry.






29. Profits - calves for replacement - animal manure - silage






30. Government - Farmers - Service Agencies - Regional Councils - Product Purchasing Firms






31. Milking - culling - harvesting - drenching - feeding - calving - breeding - weaning - maintenance






32. Erosion on slopes and stream banks from trampling and grazing - increased stock densities. Plant trees on steep slopes - fence off Riparian Zones - reduce stock densities.






33. Summer-milking - drenching bloat - culling - mating. Autumn-topdressing - innoculation - undersowing - drenching worms. Winter-breakfeeding - calving - weaning - selling - fertilising. Spring-weaning - milking - drenching bloat - tagging.






34. 300+ Jesry cows. Labour-1 fulltime. Fertiliser-phosphate.Sup Feed. Outside Services-Vet - Lawyer - Accountant. Transport-truck - 4 wheeler. 50 Bale milking shed.






35. Taranaki 1975=2% of cowsheds with licensed waste-treatment systems. 1996=100%. Involves deep pond where effluent sinks - shallow pond where ammonia gas released. Treated liquid discharged into stream.






36. Reinvestment of profits-new shed - improv tanker entrance - purchasing new land. Experience. CS Problems and Solutions






37. Muddy pastures - high humidity. Medication - reduce stock nos - change land use






38. Leaching of nutrients into soil - increased stock densities (eg. Taranaki 1975=1.43 cow/ha - 1996=1.7 cow/ha). reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities






39. Relief-100+ ha. Temp-Jan 16 - July 9. Rainfall-1300mm. Soil-fertile alluvial soil - well drained on flat - clay on hills. Grass-ryegrass/clover all year.






40. Cows milked 2x daily - AB used to improve quality of herd - computerised records kept of each cow






41. Waikato Basin - Taranaki - Manawatu - Marlborough - Canterbury - Southland






42. Erosion on slopes and stream banks from trampling and grazing - increased stock densities. Plant trees on steep slopes - fence off Riparian Zones - reduce stock densities.






43. 0-1=weaned - tagged - reared for replacement. 1-2=ready for mating - first calf @2. 2+=milking and breeding. 9+culled






44. Environmental Protection. 1 cow waste=14 humans. Stock with open access to streams=increased bacteria and excrement - contam of ground water - fish and waterlife threatened. Dairy is NZ's most polluting industry.






45. Resource Management Atc 1991 states streams must be fenced off. Is expensive - takes out productive land.






46. Milking - culling - harvesting - drenching - feeding - calving - breeding - weaning - maintenance






47. Relief-100+ ha. Temp-Jan 16 - July 9. Rainfall-1300mm. Soil-fertile alluvial soil - well drained on flat - clay on hills. Grass-ryegrass/clover all year.






48. +grass - milk - cows - bobby claves - silage - -animal diseases






49. +grass - milk - cows - bobby claves - silage - -animal diseases






50. 0-1=weaned - tagged - reared for replacement. 1-2=ready for mating - first calf @2. 2+=milking and breeding. 9+culled







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