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Test your basic knowledge |
Dairy Farming
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
industries
,
dairy
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Pasture - breakfeeding - topdressing - spraying - stock management - maintenance
Farmer
Seasons of Dairy Farming
Contamination of Streams
Contamination of Groundwater
2. Leaching of nutrients into soil - increased stock densities (eg. Taranaki 1975=1.43 cow/ha - 1996=1.7 cow/ha). reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities
CS Outputs
CS Inputs Natural
Seasons of Dairy Farming
Contamination of Groundwater
3. Profits - calves for replacement - animal manure - silage
CS Inputs Cultural
Feedback
Riparian Zone Protection
Government
4. Drifting hormone sprays damage fruit - fertiliser burns leaves of fruit trees. Spray/topdress in calm condits only - keep away from boundary - use minimum spray fertilisers - notify neighbours.
Damage to Neighbouring Farms/Orchards
Riparian Zone Protection
Main NZ Regions
Inputs Cultural
5. Pugging - Foot Rot - Bloat - Low Soil Fertility - Short Grass Growing Season - Slow Grass Growth in Summer
Contamination of Streams
Seasons of Dairy Farming
Environmental Problems
Processes/Throughputs
6. Cows milked 2x daily - AB used to improve quality of herd - computerised records kept of each cow
Outputs
Herd Management
Outputs
Two-Pond System
7. +milk solids-improv 32000-120000kg. Bobby calves/Old cows sold. -leaching of fertilisers into soil - high nitrate level in soil.
Service Agencies
CS Outputs
Reduced River Flow
Short Grass Growing Season
8. +grass - milk - cows - bobby claves - silage - -animal diseases
Soil Compaction
Life Cycle of a Cow
Farmer
Outputs
9. Cold climate - long winter. Supplementary foods - fodder crops
Dairy Farm Problems
CS Outputs
CS Feedback
Short Grass Growing Season
10. Erosion on slopes and stream banks from trampling and grazing - increased stock densities. Plant trees on steep slopes - fence off Riparian Zones - reduce stock densities.
Feedback
Short Grass Growing Season
Sedimentation of Streams
Product Purchasing Firms
11. People's labour - knowledge and skill; accountant - vet - transport - facilities - machinery - fertileser - hedges - cows
Product Purchasing Firms
Inputs Cultural
Control of Farm Resources
Product Purchasing Firms
12. Surface runoff - effluent from cowsheds - increased stock densities. Reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities - fence off Riparian zones - two-pond system
Service Agencies
Herd Management
Contamination of Streams
Farmer
13. Trampling by cows - increased stock densities. reduce stock densities.
Pasture Management
CS Feedback
Soil Compaction
Inputs Natural
14. Vets - research - accountant - bank - agricultural firm
CS Inputs Natural
CS Feedback
Service Agencies
Short Grass Growing Season
15. Summer-milking - drenching bloat - culling - mating. Autumn-topdressing - innoculation - undersowing - drenching worms. Winter-breakfeeding - calving - weaning - selling - fertilising. Spring-weaning - milking - drenching bloat - tagging.
Contamination of Streams
CS Inputs Natural
Gorvernment Perspective
Seasons of Dairy Farming
16. Drifting hormone sprays damage fruit - fertiliser burns leaves of fruit trees. Spray/topdress in calm condits only - keep away from boundary - use minimum spray fertilisers - notify neighbours.
CS Inputs Cultural
Short Grass Growing Season
Damage to Neighbouring Farms/Orchards
Case Study
17. Contaimination of ground water - contam of streams - soil compaction - sedimentation of streams - reduced river flows - damage to neighbouring farms/orchards
Herd Management
Low Soil Fertility
Contamination of Groundwater
Dairy Farm Problems
18. Vets - research - accountant - bank - agricultural firm
Feedback
Reduced River Flow
Service Agencies
Product Purchasing Firms
19. Resource Management Atc 1991 states streams must be fenced off. Is expensive - takes out productive land.
CS Inputs Natural
Losses
Riparian Zone Protection
Product Purchasing Firms
20. 91% pasture - 6% silage/hay - 3% fodder crops. Break feeding - rotational grazing
Soil Compaction
Two-Pond System
Case Study
Pasture Management
21. New dairy farm irrigation systems - esp. South Canterbury. Find alternative water source - find farminf activity more suitable to dry climate
Dairy Industry Perspective
Reduced River Flow
Soil Compaction
Seasons of Dairy Farming
22. Pasture - breakfeeding - topdressing - spraying - stock management - maintenance
Damage to Neighbouring Farms/Orchards
Two-Pond System
Farmer
Product Purchasing Firms
23. Drought - low rainfall - high evaporation rates. Supp feeds - split calving - build dam
Gorvernment Perspective
Sedimentation of Streams
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
Pasture Management
24. Relief-100+ ha. Temp-Jan 16 - July 9. Rainfall-1300mm. Soil-fertile alluvial soil - well drained on flat - clay on hills. Grass-ryegrass/clover all year.
CS Feedback
Sedimentation of Streams
Inputs Natural
CS Inputs Natural
25. Roads - water - drainage - land use
CS Outputs
Pasture Management
Farmer
Regional Councils
26. Grazing-breakfeeding and electric fences. Milking-Aug-May - 2x daily. AB November. Calving-Aug. Herd Improv-concrete race prevents sore feet. Pasture Improv-Phosphat Oct and Mar. Haymaking - 2-3000 bales in Summer.
Foot Rot
Life Cycle of a Cow
Soil Compaction
CS Processes
27. Stan Wollands - Pahiatua - Wairarapa
Case Study
Pugging
CS Inputs Cultural
Processes/Throughputs
28. Grazing-breakfeeding and electric fences. Milking-Aug-May - 2x daily. AB November. Calving-Aug. Herd Improv-concrete race prevents sore feet. Pasture Improv-Phosphat Oct and Mar. Haymaking - 2-3000 bales in Summer.
Dairy Farm Problems
CS Feedback
CS Processes
CS Outputs
29. Reinvestment of profits-new shed - improv tanker entrance - purchasing new land. Experience. CS Problems and Solutions
Product Purchasing Firms
CS Outputs
Farmer
CS Feedback
30. Sun - land - rain - water - soil - air
CS Inputs Cultural
Inputs Natural
Pugging
Pugging
31. Relief-100+ ha. Temp-Jan 16 - July 9. Rainfall-1300mm. Soil-fertile alluvial soil - well drained on flat - clay on hills. Grass-ryegrass/clover all year.
CS Inputs Natural
CS Outputs
Environmentalists Perspective
Foot Rot
32. Sun - land - rain - water - soil - air
Government
Inputs Natural
Regional Councils
CS Inputs Cultural
33. Government - Farmers - Service Agencies - Regional Councils - Product Purchasing Firms
Losses
Control of Farm Resources
Bloat
Regional Councils
34. Heavy winter rain - poor drainage - overstocking. Install underground drainage - use runoff - reduce stock nos - change land use
Contamination of Streams
CS Feedback
Service Agencies
Pugging
35. Pugging - Foot Rot - Bloat - Low Soil Fertility - Short Grass Growing Season - Slow Grass Growth in Summer
Environmental Problems
Low Soil Fertility
CS Processes
CS Feedback
36. Milking - culling - harvesting - drenching - feeding - calving - breeding - weaning - maintenance
Bloat
Short Grass Growing Season
Low Soil Fertility
Processes/Throughputs
37. 0-1=weaned - tagged - reared for replacement. 1-2=ready for mating - first calf @2. 2+=milking and breeding. 9+culled
Case Study
Herd Management
Low Soil Fertility
Life Cycle of a Cow
38. Commercial Interests. Councils/Overseas buyers are applying pressure to minimise impacts
CS Feedback
Dairy Industry Perspective
Short Grass Growing Season
Environmental Problems
39. Profits - calves for replacement - animal manure - silage
Inputs Cultural
Farmer
Feedback
Low Soil Fertility
40. Sustainable-use of the environment. RMA 1991 works towards sus. enviro. Economic development=export markets + niche markets - eg organic.
Herd Management
CS Feedback
Gorvernment Perspective
CS Processes
41. 91% pasture - 6% silage/hay - 3% fodder crops. Break feeding - rotational grazing
Main NZ Regions
CS Feedback
Pasture Management
Inputs Natural
42. Taranaki 1975=2% of cowsheds with licensed waste-treatment systems. 1996=100%. Involves deep pond where effluent sinks - shallow pond where ammonia gas released. Treated liquid discharged into stream.
Sedimentation of Streams
CS Processes
Service Agencies
Two-Pond System
43. People's labour - knowledge and skill; accountant - vet - transport - facilities - machinery - fertileser - hedges - cows
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
Two-Pond System
Inputs Cultural
Gorvernment Perspective
44. Milking - culling - harvesting - drenching - feeding - calving - breeding - weaning - maintenance
Short Grass Growing Season
CS Inputs Cultural
Processes/Throughputs
Dairy Industry Perspective
45. Muddy pastures - high humidity. Medication - reduce stock nos - change land use
Foot Rot
Inputs Natural
Contamination of Groundwater
Herd Management
46. Dead calves/cows - spray drift - erosion - stock energy - raw effluent down streams - milk dumping
Losses
Service Agencies
Low Soil Fertility
Processes/Throughputs
47. Resource Management Atc 1991 states streams must be fenced off. Is expensive - takes out productive land.
Inputs Natural
CS Inputs Cultural
Losses
Riparian Zone Protection
48. Taranaki 1975=2% of cowsheds with licensed waste-treatment systems. 1996=100%. Involves deep pond where effluent sinks - shallow pond where ammonia gas released. Treated liquid discharged into stream.
Two-Pond System
Damage to Neighbouring Farms/Orchards
Case Study
Feedback
49. Waikato Basin - Taranaki - Manawatu - Marlborough - Canterbury - Southland
Pugging
Contamination of Groundwater
Main NZ Regions
Contamination of Streams
50. Waikato Basin - Taranaki - Manawatu - Marlborough - Canterbury - Southland
Service Agencies
Main NZ Regions
Contamination of Groundwater
Product Purchasing Firms