Test your basic knowledge |

Dairy Farming

Subjects : industries, dairy
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Surface runoff - effluent from cowsheds - increased stock densities. Reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities - fence off Riparian zones - two-pond system






2. Leaching of nutrients into soil - increased stock densities (eg. Taranaki 1975=1.43 cow/ha - 1996=1.7 cow/ha). reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities






3. +grass - milk - cows - bobby claves - silage - -animal diseases






4. 300+ Jesry cows. Labour-1 fulltime. Fertiliser-phosphate.Sup Feed. Outside Services-Vet - Lawyer - Accountant. Transport-truck - 4 wheeler. 50 Bale milking shed.






5. Pugging - Foot Rot - Bloat - Low Soil Fertility - Short Grass Growing Season - Slow Grass Growth in Summer






6. Cows milked 2x daily - AB used to improve quality of herd - computerised records kept of each cow






7. Muddy pastures - high humidity. Medication - reduce stock nos - change land use






8. +milk solids-improv 32000-120000kg. Bobby calves/Old cows sold. -leaching of fertilisers into soil - high nitrate level in soil.






9. Relief-100+ ha. Temp-Jan 16 - July 9. Rainfall-1300mm. Soil-fertile alluvial soil - well drained on flat - clay on hills. Grass-ryegrass/clover all year.






10. New dairy farm irrigation systems - esp. South Canterbury. Find alternative water source - find farminf activity more suitable to dry climate






11. Relief-100+ ha. Temp-Jan 16 - July 9. Rainfall-1300mm. Soil-fertile alluvial soil - well drained on flat - clay on hills. Grass-ryegrass/clover all year.






12. Contaimination of ground water - contam of streams - soil compaction - sedimentation of streams - reduced river flows - damage to neighbouring farms/orchards






13. Natural condition. Apply chemical fertiliser - change land use - recycle cowshed wastes onto paddocks






14. Surface runoff - effluent from cowsheds - increased stock densities. Reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities - fence off Riparian zones - two-pond system






15. Affects profit - NZ Dairy Board promotes overseas to keep up demand for products






16. Summer-milking - drenching bloat - culling - mating. Autumn-topdressing - innoculation - undersowing - drenching worms. Winter-breakfeeding - calving - weaning - selling - fertilising. Spring-weaning - milking - drenching bloat - tagging.






17. Waikato Basin - Taranaki - Manawatu - Marlborough - Canterbury - Southland






18. Sun - land - rain - water - soil - air






19. Dead calves/cows - spray drift - erosion - stock energy - raw effluent down streams - milk dumping






20. +milk solids-improv 32000-120000kg. Bobby calves/Old cows sold. -leaching of fertilisers into soil - high nitrate level in soil.






21. Stan Wollands - Pahiatua - Wairarapa






22. Dead calves/cows - spray drift - erosion - stock energy - raw effluent down streams - milk dumping






23. Cold climate - long winter. Supplementary foods - fodder crops






24. Erosion on slopes and stream banks from trampling and grazing - increased stock densities. Plant trees on steep slopes - fence off Riparian Zones - reduce stock densities.






25. Leaching of nutrients into soil - increased stock densities (eg. Taranaki 1975=1.43 cow/ha - 1996=1.7 cow/ha). reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities






26. Vets - research - accountant - bank - agricultural firm






27. 0-1=weaned - tagged - reared for replacement. 1-2=ready for mating - first calf @2. 2+=milking and breeding. 9+culled






28. Too much fresh spring grass. Breakfeeding - medication






29. Too much fresh spring grass. Breakfeeding - medication






30. Heavy winter rain - poor drainage - overstocking. Install underground drainage - use runoff - reduce stock nos - change land use






31. Reinvestment of profits-new shed - improv tanker entrance - purchasing new land. Experience. CS Problems and Solutions






32. Profits - calves for replacement - animal manure - silage






33. Resource Management Atc 1991 states streams must be fenced off. Is expensive - takes out productive land.






34. Environmental Protection. 1 cow waste=14 humans. Stock with open access to streams=increased bacteria and excrement - contam of ground water - fish and waterlife threatened. Dairy is NZ's most polluting industry.






35. 91% pasture - 6% silage/hay - 3% fodder crops. Break feeding - rotational grazing






36. Taranaki 1975=2% of cowsheds with licensed waste-treatment systems. 1996=100%. Involves deep pond where effluent sinks - shallow pond where ammonia gas released. Treated liquid discharged into stream.






37. Affects profit - NZ Dairy Board promotes overseas to keep up demand for products






38. Pugging - Foot Rot - Bloat - Low Soil Fertility - Short Grass Growing Season - Slow Grass Growth in Summer






39. Resource Management Atc 1991 states streams must be fenced off. Is expensive - takes out productive land.






40. 91% pasture - 6% silage/hay - 3% fodder crops. Break feeding - rotational grazing






41. Milking - culling - harvesting - drenching - feeding - calving - breeding - weaning - maintenance






42. Government - Farmers - Service Agencies - Regional Councils - Product Purchasing Firms






43. Drifting hormone sprays damage fruit - fertiliser burns leaves of fruit trees. Spray/topdress in calm condits only - keep away from boundary - use minimum spray fertilisers - notify neighbours.






44. Drought - low rainfall - high evaporation rates. Supp feeds - split calving - build dam






45. +grass - milk - cows - bobby claves - silage - -animal diseases






46. Drought - low rainfall - high evaporation rates. Supp feeds - split calving - build dam






47. Pasture - breakfeeding - topdressing - spraying - stock management - maintenance






48. Erosion on slopes and stream banks from trampling and grazing - increased stock densities. Plant trees on steep slopes - fence off Riparian Zones - reduce stock densities.






49. Grazing-breakfeeding and electric fences. Milking-Aug-May - 2x daily. AB November. Calving-Aug. Herd Improv-concrete race prevents sore feet. Pasture Improv-Phosphat Oct and Mar. Haymaking - 2-3000 bales in Summer.






50. Waikato Basin - Taranaki - Manawatu - Marlborough - Canterbury - Southland