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Test your basic knowledge |
Dairy Farming
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
industries
,
dairy
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 300+ Jesry cows. Labour-1 fulltime. Fertiliser-phosphate.Sup Feed. Outside Services-Vet - Lawyer - Accountant. Transport-truck - 4 wheeler. 50 Bale milking shed.
Inputs Cultural
Pasture Management
CS Inputs Cultural
Pugging
2. Muddy pastures - high humidity. Medication - reduce stock nos - change land use
Foot Rot
CS Feedback
Damage to Neighbouring Farms/Orchards
Control of Farm Resources
3. Profits - calves for replacement - animal manure - silage
Government
Service Agencies
Feedback
Life Cycle of a Cow
4. Roads - water - drainage - land use
Regional Councils
Feedback
Inputs Cultural
Contamination of Streams
5. +grass - milk - cows - bobby claves - silage - -animal diseases
Inputs Natural
Losses
Outputs
Short Grass Growing Season
6. Cows milked 2x daily - AB used to improve quality of herd - computerised records kept of each cow
Pasture Management
Herd Management
Dairy Farm Problems
Service Agencies
7. Vets - research - accountant - bank - agricultural firm
Gorvernment Perspective
Losses
Service Agencies
Dairy Industry Perspective
8. Affects profit - NZ Dairy Board promotes overseas to keep up demand for products
Inputs Cultural
Control of Farm Resources
Herd Management
Product Purchasing Firms
9. 300+ Jesry cows. Labour-1 fulltime. Fertiliser-phosphate.Sup Feed. Outside Services-Vet - Lawyer - Accountant. Transport-truck - 4 wheeler. 50 Bale milking shed.
Environmental Problems
CS Inputs Cultural
Pasture Management
Reduced River Flow
10. Summer-milking - drenching bloat - culling - mating. Autumn-topdressing - innoculation - undersowing - drenching worms. Winter-breakfeeding - calving - weaning - selling - fertilising. Spring-weaning - milking - drenching bloat - tagging.
Short Grass Growing Season
Riparian Zone Protection
Contamination of Streams
Seasons of Dairy Farming
11. Grazing-breakfeeding and electric fences. Milking-Aug-May - 2x daily. AB November. Calving-Aug. Herd Improv-concrete race prevents sore feet. Pasture Improv-Phosphat Oct and Mar. Haymaking - 2-3000 bales in Summer.
CS Processes
Reduced River Flow
Contamination of Groundwater
Losses
12. Relief-100+ ha. Temp-Jan 16 - July 9. Rainfall-1300mm. Soil-fertile alluvial soil - well drained on flat - clay on hills. Grass-ryegrass/clover all year.
CS Feedback
CS Inputs Natural
Environmentalists Perspective
Herd Management
13. Surface runoff - effluent from cowsheds - increased stock densities. Reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities - fence off Riparian zones - two-pond system
Seasons of Dairy Farming
Contamination of Streams
Short Grass Growing Season
Contamination of Groundwater
14. Sustainable-use of the environment. RMA 1991 works towards sus. enviro. Economic development=export markets + niche markets - eg organic.
Low Soil Fertility
Soil Compaction
Damage to Neighbouring Farms/Orchards
Gorvernment Perspective
15. Heavy winter rain - poor drainage - overstocking. Install underground drainage - use runoff - reduce stock nos - change land use
Life Cycle of a Cow
Pugging
CS Inputs Natural
Bloat
16. Waikato Basin - Taranaki - Manawatu - Marlborough - Canterbury - Southland
Two-Pond System
Environmental Problems
Main NZ Regions
Government
17. Ministry of Agriculture - Financial Assistance
Inputs Natural
Pasture Management
Government
Gorvernment Perspective
18. Commercial Interests. Councils/Overseas buyers are applying pressure to minimise impacts
Dairy Industry Perspective
Two-Pond System
CS Feedback
Dairy Farm Problems
19. +grass - milk - cows - bobby claves - silage - -animal diseases
Outputs
Case Study
Life Cycle of a Cow
Dairy Industry Perspective
20. Pugging - Foot Rot - Bloat - Low Soil Fertility - Short Grass Growing Season - Slow Grass Growth in Summer
Outputs
Life Cycle of a Cow
Product Purchasing Firms
Environmental Problems
21. 91% pasture - 6% silage/hay - 3% fodder crops. Break feeding - rotational grazing
Main NZ Regions
Pasture Management
CS Outputs
CS Inputs Natural
22. Sun - land - rain - water - soil - air
Outputs
Inputs Natural
Government
Service Agencies
23. Reinvestment of profits-new shed - improv tanker entrance - purchasing new land. Experience. CS Problems and Solutions
Outputs
CS Feedback
Herd Management
Pugging
24. +milk solids-improv 32000-120000kg. Bobby calves/Old cows sold. -leaching of fertilisers into soil - high nitrate level in soil.
CS Inputs Cultural
Processes/Throughputs
CS Outputs
Environmental Problems
25. Heavy winter rain - poor drainage - overstocking. Install underground drainage - use runoff - reduce stock nos - change land use
Pugging
CS Feedback
CS Processes
Contamination of Groundwater
26. Too much fresh spring grass. Breakfeeding - medication
Short Grass Growing Season
Pasture Management
CS Processes
Bloat
27. People's labour - knowledge and skill; accountant - vet - transport - facilities - machinery - fertileser - hedges - cows
Contamination of Groundwater
Inputs Cultural
Pasture Management
CS Processes
28. Erosion on slopes and stream banks from trampling and grazing - increased stock densities. Plant trees on steep slopes - fence off Riparian Zones - reduce stock densities.
Foot Rot
Feedback
Losses
Sedimentation of Streams
29. Milking - culling - harvesting - drenching - feeding - calving - breeding - weaning - maintenance
Government
Regional Councils
Processes/Throughputs
Farmer
30. Muddy pastures - high humidity. Medication - reduce stock nos - change land use
Foot Rot
Gorvernment Perspective
Inputs Natural
Inputs Cultural
31. Drought - low rainfall - high evaporation rates. Supp feeds - split calving - build dam
Slow Grass Growth in Summer
Losses
CS Feedback
Outputs
32. Drifting hormone sprays damage fruit - fertiliser burns leaves of fruit trees. Spray/topdress in calm condits only - keep away from boundary - use minimum spray fertilisers - notify neighbours.
Riparian Zone Protection
Damage to Neighbouring Farms/Orchards
Inputs Cultural
Short Grass Growing Season
33. Leaching of nutrients into soil - increased stock densities (eg. Taranaki 1975=1.43 cow/ha - 1996=1.7 cow/ha). reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities
Contamination of Groundwater
CS Inputs Natural
Dairy Industry Perspective
Outputs
34. New dairy farm irrigation systems - esp. South Canterbury. Find alternative water source - find farminf activity more suitable to dry climate
Farmer
Reduced River Flow
Processes/Throughputs
Inputs Natural
35. Too much fresh spring grass. Breakfeeding - medication
Contamination of Groundwater
Damage to Neighbouring Farms/Orchards
Bloat
Outputs
36. Pasture - breakfeeding - topdressing - spraying - stock management - maintenance
Losses
Two-Pond System
Farmer
Herd Management
37. +milk solids-improv 32000-120000kg. Bobby calves/Old cows sold. -leaching of fertilisers into soil - high nitrate level in soil.
CS Outputs
Foot Rot
CS Inputs Natural
Service Agencies
38. Government - Farmers - Service Agencies - Regional Councils - Product Purchasing Firms
Gorvernment Perspective
Service Agencies
Control of Farm Resources
Feedback
39. Natural condition. Apply chemical fertiliser - change land use - recycle cowshed wastes onto paddocks
Low Soil Fertility
Outputs
Losses
Gorvernment Perspective
40. Taranaki 1975=2% of cowsheds with licensed waste-treatment systems. 1996=100%. Involves deep pond where effluent sinks - shallow pond where ammonia gas released. Treated liquid discharged into stream.
Seasons of Dairy Farming
Two-Pond System
Sedimentation of Streams
CS Processes
41. Affects profit - NZ Dairy Board promotes overseas to keep up demand for products
Reduced River Flow
CS Inputs Natural
Product Purchasing Firms
CS Feedback
42. Drifting hormone sprays damage fruit - fertiliser burns leaves of fruit trees. Spray/topdress in calm condits only - keep away from boundary - use minimum spray fertilisers - notify neighbours.
Gorvernment Perspective
Control of Farm Resources
Service Agencies
Damage to Neighbouring Farms/Orchards
43. 0-1=weaned - tagged - reared for replacement. 1-2=ready for mating - first calf @2. 2+=milking and breeding. 9+culled
Reduced River Flow
Foot Rot
Short Grass Growing Season
Life Cycle of a Cow
44. Resource Management Atc 1991 states streams must be fenced off. Is expensive - takes out productive land.
Two-Pond System
Contamination of Streams
Riparian Zone Protection
Case Study
45. Erosion on slopes and stream banks from trampling and grazing - increased stock densities. Plant trees on steep slopes - fence off Riparian Zones - reduce stock densities.
Damage to Neighbouring Farms/Orchards
Sedimentation of Streams
Herd Management
Government
46. Profits - calves for replacement - animal manure - silage
Feedback
Losses
Seasons of Dairy Farming
Case Study
47. Environmental Protection. 1 cow waste=14 humans. Stock with open access to streams=increased bacteria and excrement - contam of ground water - fish and waterlife threatened. Dairy is NZ's most polluting industry.
Seasons of Dairy Farming
Low Soil Fertility
Environmentalists Perspective
Gorvernment Perspective
48. Surface runoff - effluent from cowsheds - increased stock densities. Reduce fertiliser applications and stock densities - fence off Riparian zones - two-pond system
Riparian Zone Protection
CS Inputs Cultural
Inputs Natural
Contamination of Streams
49. Grazing-breakfeeding and electric fences. Milking-Aug-May - 2x daily. AB November. Calving-Aug. Herd Improv-concrete race prevents sore feet. Pasture Improv-Phosphat Oct and Mar. Haymaking - 2-3000 bales in Summer.
CS Processes
Main NZ Regions
CS Inputs Natural
Soil Compaction
50. Ministry of Agriculture - Financial Assistance
Sedimentation of Streams
Seasons of Dairy Farming
Outputs
Government