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Food Processing
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Subjects
:
industries
,
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What factors affect the degree of mixing that can be achieved with dry powders or particulate solids?
kneading
wet cleaning equipment
difference between rolls and biscuits
relative density
2. Mass
bowl chopper
heat
hydrocooling
bulk density
3. Separate products by size
size reduction ratio
screens
kneading
shear stress
4. Dispersed phase in mayo
oil/vinegar
shear rate
hydrometer
Miscibility
5. Generally mixed with slow-speed - vertical-shaft impellers such as a anchor and gate agitator
high viscosity liquids
over-run
emulsifying/homogenizing
roller
6. = mass of liquid
shear- thinning fluids
Comminution
Specific gravity
kneading
7. Advantages: Rapid cooling; can handle large quantities; prevents dehydration - Disadvantages: Can encourage diseases; not all products tolerate wetting; restrictions on packaging and stacking arrangements; capital costs can be high
Magnetic separators and metal detection
egg - vinegar - oil
attrition mills
hydrocooling
8. Concentrated fruit juices - liquid chocolate - and corn flour suspension
newtonian fluid
Specific gravity
Magnetic separators and metal detection
non- newtonian fluids
9. Linear relationship between sheer rate and sheer stress
compressive force
bulk density
disc mill
newtonian fluid
10. Swirls in the flow
forming
Air classifiers (AKA aspiration cleaners
turbulent
fine grine
11. Why do we use two pressure drops? EXAM QUESTION
oil/vinegar
First stage to create small particle size- second to disperse clumping
homogenization
disc mill
12. Hammers hit food but force it up to the top chamber - impact to the top of the machine- can change the screen size- can't leave impact zone until it is small enough to go through the screen
second pressure drop
hydrocooling
hammer mill
difference between rolls and biscuits
13. To achieve a uniform distribution of the components of flow
latent heat of vaporization
grading
Magnetic separators and metal detection
goal of mixing
14. Paddle - Multiple Impeller - Turbine - Propeller
laminar
bowl chopper
peeling
Mixers for Low-or Medium Viscosity Liquids
15. Used to mill wheat- cereals and flours
roller
hammer mill
mixers for high viscosity liquids
rollers
16. Increases the variety and convenience of foods - Common for bakery goods and confectionery - Many products are formed by extrusion - but we will discuss that later
longitudinal - radial - rotational
forming
sorting
water activity
17. Available moisture (relative vapor pressure)
attrition mills
hydrometer
water activity
vibrating
18. Amount of energy it takes to change the temperature
shear rate
disc mill
Specific heat
caustic peeler
19. Force that causes it to have friction with itself
forming
wet cleaning equipment
shear
Latent heat of fusion
20. Ratio below 8:1
course grind
goal of mixing
shear rate
second pressure drop
21. May be single (one stationary casing and a frooved one that rotates) or double- where the two surfaces rotate in opposite directions - Dress of millstone will determine texture of the final product
disc mill
relative density
bowl chopper
compressive force
22. Specific gravity used as an indirect meaure of the
homogenization
grading
Magnetic separators and metal detection
sugar content
23. Under motion pushing
Problems with dry cleaning methods
impact
compressive force
shear - impact - compression
24. Size reduction equipment in order of decreasing size
turbulent
shear- thinning fluids
roblems with wet cleaning
cutting- miller- pulper
25. Shearing breaks up fat globules in milk- but they still want to clump- pass through ------ disperses them
second pressure drop
oil/vinegar
stress
newtonian fluid
26. Generally used for products with high mechanical strength and low moisture - Relies on density and area difference
Pin and disc mill
Air classifiers (AKA aspiration cleaners
forced- air cooling
turbulent
27. Each thing we do to prevent degradation is one hurdle- name an example- packaging
shear rate
hurdle technologies
relative density
laminar
28. Deformation or stretch- change in length divided by the original length
impact
shear
pulping
strain
29. Fruit is dipped in a 1 to 2% hot sodium hydroxide solution (lye) and then pressure washed to remove skin. Alternatively - involves dipping in 10% sodium hydroxide and using rubber discs or rollers to remove the skin.
hydrometer
hurdle technologies
fine grine
caustic peeler
30. Measures specific gravity
rollers
impact
over-run
hydrometer
31. Force per unit area
rollers
newtonian fluid
colloids
stress
32. Limited number of applications where contaminants have a different surface charge from the raw material
Electrostatic separators
stress
rotational
hurdle technologies
33. Formed when one substance of very small particle size is dispersed through another substance and the two substances are immiscible
shear
fine grine
colloids
Specific gravity
34. Force between the layers in the fluid
Pin and disc mill
second pressure drop
forming
shear stress
35. Pseudoplastic
Comminution
vibrating
nip
shear- thinning fluids
36. = (vol of foam - vol liquid)/vol liquid) x 100
relative density
over-run
grading
screens
37. High-speed mixers - Hydroshear homogenizer - Membrane emulsifiers - Pressure homogenizers - Rotor-stator homogenizers - Ultrasonic- sound energy to break particles
Comminution
emulsifying/homogenizing
over-run
vibrating
38. Efficient mixing is achieved by creating and recombining fresh surfaces
kneading
Specific gravity
latent heat
stress
39. Helps prevent blinding
hurdle technologies
vibrating
baffle and angle
Mixers for Low-or Medium Viscosity Liquids
40. Dividing based on several characteristics capable of automatically
hammer mill
First stage to create small particle size- second to disperse clumping
relative density
grading
41. = initial avg particle size/final avg particle size
reynolds number
size reduction ratio
Miscibility
screens
42. The breakdown of solid material through the application of mechanical forces- size reduction
shear stress
hurdle technologies
size reduction ratio
Comminution
43. Mixing component that is undesired
rotational
Latent heat of fusion
egg yolk
hammer mill
44. Velocity gradient that is formed- relative rate between the layers
Specific heat
shear rate
emulsifying/homogenizing
ductile foods
45. Ability to deform permanently without breaking
ductility
turbulent
impact
batch - convayer - immersion - truck
46. The amount of energy it takes to change the state
hydrometer
latent heat of vaporization
latent heat
shear - impact - compression
47. Advantages: Suitable for leafy vegetables; does NOT require spraying - or immersion with water - hence won't spread disease. High energy efficiency - Disadvantages: Some product shrinkage due to water loss.
vacuum cooling
heat
strain
Latent heat of fusion
48. Ratios above 100:1
Mixers for Low-or Medium Viscosity Liquids
turbulent
disc mill
fine grine
49. Involves tumbling in a drum with a silicon carbide or carborundum surface
stress
homogenization
abrasion peeling
shear
50. The ability to form a homogenous mixture
sorting
colloids
Miscibility
cutting- miller- pulper
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