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Test your basic knowledge |
Wine Production 101
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
hospitality
,
industries
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. If canopy heigh remains constant - then increasing between-row spacing
Sweet before dry
Sauvignon Blanc and Semillon
Non-wine drinkers
Decreases light interception by the vineyard
2. This group of wines is served at the coldest temperature both in the restaurant and tasting laboratory...
Sparkling and sweet wine
Water evaporation
The use of solar energy to snythesize sugar from carbon dioxide and water.
It's because with repeated sniffing the alcohol will begin to interfere with your ability to smell.
3. Under which aging conditions will the components of the wine in a barrel become concentrated?
The barrels are stored in a relatively dry environment such as an above-ground warehouse in California.
Normal breathing
Fortified dessert wines
Irrigation
4. The number of vines per acre in the Mosel region is about
3000
Red wines from grape to bottle
Severe pruning reduces the number of nodes from which will emerge the shoots bearing the next season's crop.
Funnel-shaped
5. ________________ is designed to prevent cloudiness as well and also to avoid undesirable changes other than off odor and flavor such as drop in the acidity of a hot-region wine. It is also very (more - actually) important to prevent changes in the bo
Microbiological stability
Wine spirits can vary in their flavors depending on the starting wine and the method of distillation - and those flavors need to be compatible with the wine being fortified
You can expect increased complexity and moderated tartness.
Acetaldehyde - ethyl acetate
6. What factors are important for slower bottle aging?
Tank fermentation
Sweeter
Higher tannins - lower pH - lower storage temperatures - more uniform temperatures - darkness - and larger bottles.
On cool nights the grapes need less energy and use up less malic acid. Locations with cooler nighttime temperatures produce fruit that is higher in malic acid than that produced in sites where it stays warm all night.
7. When is a wine 'dead'?
Less tart
More Region V acres
When off odors - particularly the acetaldehyde odor of oxidation - predominate.
False. Champagne may only be used for wines produced in the Champagne district of France.
8. Port production from _______________ is being done on a small scale in California.
Less fertilization
Portugese grape varieties
When photographed - about 40 percent of the canopy surface of a thin canopy appears as light patches. The value is much lower with thick canopies. Also - the leaf layer number of thin canopies is 1.5 or lower.
Subtract 50 degrees from the day's average temperature.
9. What are the preferred viticultural regions for most red wine grapes?
Vintage-dated varietal
Regions II and III
Identify odors
Timing of the MLF
10. In California - ruby and vintage ports are aged in ________ barrels that do not contribute much wood flavor.
Grappa
Neutral
Asti Spumante
Less tart
11. _______ can be produced when press juice is fermented and then distilled.
Grappa
Monoterpenes
Extraction
Decreases grape rots - lowers grape potassium - lowers grape pH
12. What are two purposes for blending port?
Ports of different sugar contents can be combined to give the desired final sugar concentration and varietal ports can be mixed to enhance complexity
Shorter - hotter - messier - more labor-intensive - more likely to occur in an open-topped tank - less likely to happen in a barrel
Water evaporation
Verbal structure
13. During red wine fermentation the ______ on the fermenting must be kept wet by 'punching down' or 'pumping over' in order to prevent growth of undesirable microorganisms and to promote ______ from the skins.
Less tart
Sensation
Sniffs
Cap - extraction
14. A Brut sparkling wine made by the methode champenoise will probably ___________ than a Brut Charmat Process wine as Charmat is sweeter.
You could begin by fermenting Chenin Blanc in juice in oak barrels and add more oak by aging the wine for several months in new 60-gallon American oak barrels.
False. Winetasters begin the olfactory stage of evaluating a wine by sniffing the wine without swirling and swirl 1-2 revolutions and sniff 2-3 times in the second stage.
Be drier
Vintage-dated varietal
15. Because _____________ can spoil wine only in the presence of oxygen - winemakers minimize air contact with wines in bulk storage.
Wine spirits
Perceptible varietal aromas
Vinegar bacteria
True
16. During radiation frosts - Colder air settles in...
Low lying areas
Discorging
White Zinfandel
Cream
17. Corks come from the bark of an oak...
Grape shoot will be uninjured
Quercus Suber
Moderate drinking and breast cancer
Because those procedures minimize tannin extraction as well
18. How does a vineyardist determine leaf layer number?
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19. Because carbon dioxide gas is produced during fermentation - fermentation tanks are equipped with ___________ that allow CO2 to escape while preventing air from entering.
Tobacco - coffee - chocolate - soy
Amontillados
Decreases light interception by the vineyard
One-way valves
20. Which red wine grape is preferred when grown in Region I?
2-4 years
Pinot Noir
Tranquilizers
When photographed - about 40 percent of the canopy surface of a thin canopy appears as light patches. The value is much lower with thick canopies. Also - the leaf layer number of thin canopies is 1.5 or lower.
21. ___________ are also referred to as natural wines and contain 14% alcohol or less.
Table wines
Timing of the MLF
About 10 to 20 - if they are well exposed to sunlight.
The total acid content increases.
22. About ______ the fruit for dessert wine production goes to produce the alcohol for fortification - making the per ton yield of finished wine __________ gallons.
Chardonnay and Pinot Blanc
Half; 75-110
One-way valves
Vintage-dated varietal
23. Which spice would you not expect to find in sparkling wines but would be anticipated in red table wines?
Sit for several hours
Dissolved carbon dioxide gas
Fortified dessert wines
Black pepper
24. The sensory organ for the sense of smell is located at the top and rear of the nasal cavity and about 5-10% of the air reaches it in...
Wine
Normal breathing
Severe pruning reduces the number of nodes from which will emerge the shoots bearing the next season's crop.
Soil surface area
25. White item on the list is not part of 'the best possible aging conditions' for bottled wines?
Aging in oak containers
An intact grape skin
Underground
Exists above the vineyard
26. Imported sparkling wine makes up about ______% of the U.S. market.
29
Harvest at 22 degrees Brix or above - no skin contact - ferment in barrels and at warmer temperatures - age in oak sur lie - and blend with S
Softer tannins
Asti Spumante
27. Descriptors from the ____________________ of the aroma wheel are used less often for red table wines than they are for white table wines.
True
The astringency from tannins seems to get stronger with each sip and that tires the palate. If tasters wait 40 seconds or more between sip the effect is lessened.
White Zinfandel
Floral and tropical fruit segments
28. Medical researchers define moderate alcohol consumption as about how many four-ounce glasses of wine daily?
Vanilla
1-2 glasses daily
True
False. To inspect a wine for color - hold it up to a white background.
29. Pick the worst wine on this list for bottle aging...
Neutral
White Zinfandel
Sweeter
Salty
30. The average maceration time for California Napa Gamay is about four days and for Cabernet Sauvignon is 7-8 days. This means that the average _________ is intended for more aging than the average __________.
Extracted at higher pressures
Cabernet Sauvignon - Napa Gamay
Dosage
Vinegar bacteria
31. The bottle shape and color are chosen for a particular wine based on the traditional shapes and colors used in the European wine. __________ are often used for Sauvignon Blanc and S
wine aroma wheel
Sit for several hours
Vinegar bacteria
Clear Bordeaux bottles
32. Which type of sherry is oxidized in the absence of flor yeast?
When off odors - particularly the acetaldehyde odor of oxidation - predominate.
Oloroso
Cold-inactivated yeast
You can expect increased complexity and moderated tartness.
33. Because they contain plenty of nutrients - the ________ are the best site for the Botrytis to multiply.
Grape shoot will be uninjured
Portugese grape varieties
Grape berries
Aroma - Bouquet
34. Canopy management affects the...
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35. For a wine to have ________________ requires a particular grape variety - proper growing conditions - and careful winemaking.
Racking
A taste modifier
Perceptible varietal aromas
Serious wine tasters
36. Although some ___________ sparkling (and still) wines are a very pale yellow - many are appreciated for their light bronze - peach - or salmon colors.
Hold the wine against a white background
Port
One unit increase in photosynthetic rate
Blanc de Noirs
37. White varietal wine whose wines acquire 'subtle - oily scents' as they age
Gew
French Colombard
White Riesling
Ports of different sugar contents can be combined to give the desired final sugar concentration and varietal ports can be mixed to enhance complexity
38. What element of red wines will probably cause you to have palate fatigue? How can you minimize it?
False. PTC tasting does not predict a person's sensitivity to bitterness in wines.
Blanc de Noirs wine production
The astringency from tannins seems to get stronger with each sip and that tires the palate. If tasters wait 40 seconds or more between sip the effect is lessened.
Sulfite-sensitive - steroid-dependent asthmatics
39. A juice with about 20 degrees Brix will yield a wine with about 10% alcohol through fermentation by yeasts - primarily from the...
Sweet (taste) - hot (tactile)
Genus Saccharomyces
White Zinfandel
Fewer vegetative and herbaceous odors
40. Pressing whole clusters is one fruit-handling procedure which was originally developed to minimize color extraction from...
Dark skinned Pinot Noir grapes
Pinot Noir
Climate.
The Muscats
41. Explain why the shoots on a severely pruned vine tend to grow very long
The limited number of shoots do not compete for stored sugars - light - water - and mineral resources - so shoot growth is not restricted by shortages of these resources.
Low lying areas
Specific anosmia
The barrels are stored in a relatively dry environment such as an above-ground warehouse in California.
42. Wine provides about how many calories per four-ounce serving?
Disgorging - trap the yeast - riddling
Blanc de Noirs
True
100
43. The research reviewed by Dr. Keith Marton showed that cardiovascular mortality increased with heavy alcohol use and that moderate drinkers have a reduced risk of ___________________ compared to non-drinkers.
Perceptible varietal aromas
You could begin by fermenting Chenin Blanc in juice in oak barrels and add more oak by aging the wine for several months in new 60-gallon American oak barrels.
Cardiovascular mortality
Recognition Threshold
44. A cuvee blended from white grapes only is called ______ and if only red grapes are used - it is ______.
Blanc de Blancs - Blanc de Noirs.
One of the most effective ways to prevent alcohol abuse
Older - typically hillside soils with a higher percentage of gravel and less ability to hold water were correlated with smaller crops and fruiter wine flavors.
Because those procedures minimize tannin extraction as well
45. There are certain conventions based on flavor and structural compatibility that are followed by many producers when making varietal blends. For example - ____________ are more often blended.
Harvest at 22 degrees Brix or above - no skin contact - ferment in barrels and at warmer temperatures - age in oak sur lie - and blend with S
Underground
Non-wine drinkers
Chardonnay and Pinot Blanc
46. A typical ___________ spreads from one site to infect adjacent berries. A cluster with an advanced infection will contain berries in all stages from shriveled to healthy.
Management of the extraction during fermentation
Botrytis infection
Regions II and III
Cooler
47. A typical sulfur dioxide in wine would be ______.
Very limited
Limousin forest
Fortified wines
35-125 parts per million
48. In filtering - the wine is forced through media that vary in 'tightness' from those that trap and remove just the very largest particles (chunks of grape skins) to those that take out...
Cold stabilization
Tiny malolactic bacteria
The barrels are stored in a relatively dry environment such as an above-ground warehouse in California.
Botrytis infection
49. An extended maceration of Cabernet Sauvignon can produce a wine with...
Softer tannins
29
Fining
Exists above the vineyard
50. Which is a botanical pesticide?
Strychnine
Wine spirits can vary in their flavors depending on the starting wine and the method of distillation - and those flavors need to be compatible with the wine being fortified
Flavor concentration
Very limited