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Test your basic knowledge |
Wine Production 101
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
hospitality
,
industries
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In filtering - the wine is forced through media that vary in 'tightness' from those that trap and remove just the very largest particles (chunks of grape skins) to those that take out...
True
Older - typically hillside soils with a higher percentage of gravel and less ability to hold water were correlated with smaller crops and fruiter wine flavors.
Percentage by weight of sugar in the juice
Tiny malolactic bacteria
2. A typical sulfur dioxide in wine would be ______.
Sherries
35-125 parts per million
Warmer
Botrytis cinerea
3. Explain why severe pruning decreases crop size.
4. The flavors of this group of fortified dessert wines are closest to those of their grapes: ______________.
The Muscats
Table wines
Liver cirrhosis
Free-run juices
5. What are the preferred viticultural regions for most red wine grapes?
Canopy curtain
Regions II and III
Warm - dry
Three
6. An extended maceration of Cabernet Sauvignon can produce a wine with...
Thermal
Big Vine Theory
Softer tannins
Underground
7. What textures should you expect in a young port and an old port?
A young port - or young red table wine for that matter - should be astringent because it possesses tannins for longevity and an older wine should be velvety smooth because the tannins have polymerized - softening the texture and forming a sediment.
Nodes
Thermal
On cool nights the grapes need less energy and use up less malic acid. Locations with cooler nighttime temperatures produce fruit that is higher in malic acid than that produced in sites where it stays warm all night.
8. At a gross level we are most sensitive to which taste quality?
Bitterness
Climate.
Serious wine tasters
Neutral
9. Describe the aging regime you would use for White Riesling or other wine to which you want to add very little or no oak flavor.
Such wines are either aged in stainless steel tanks or large - typically oval-shaped oak barrels of 500-2000 gallons capacity.
Harvest sugars
Recognition Threshold
Dom Perignon - 1668-1715
10. You are having dinner at a friend's house and drinking a delicious bottle of white wine. You pick it up and notice that the label says 'CALLAWAY Vineyard and Winery 1990 'CALLA-LEES' Chardonnay. 'IN THE CLASSIC SUR LIE STYLE'. Your friend asks you wh
11. Removing leaves from around grape clusters
Trap the CO2 from a second alcoholic fermentation
Decreases grape rots - lowers grape potassium - lowers grape pH
Pinot Noir
French Sauternes and German late-harvest Rieslings
12. A typical ___________ spreads from one site to infect adjacent berries. A cluster with an advanced infection will contain berries in all stages from shriveled to healthy.
Botrytis infection
It's the passageway from the rear of the mouth and rear nasal passages to the olfactory epithelium.
Amontillados
Perpendicular
13. If growers maximize light interception - the vine canopies will be thick and shady and grape yields and...
50% as intense as full sunlight on a clear summer day
Dosage
Free-run juices
Quality will be lower
14. Because the conditions are so different - low sugar - high alcohol - increasing CO2 pressure - from those of the first alcoholic fermentation - yeast for the ___________ are often of a different strain or species.
False. To inspect a wine for color - hold it up to a white background.
Nitrogen fertilizer
Prise de mousse
Thermal
15. When are grape plants most resistant to low temperatures?
Positive structural organoleptic elements
Discorging
Normal breathing
When they are dormant.
16. A successful Botrytis infection requires limited fall ______ or a series of foggy days to initiate the germination of spores.
On cool nights the grapes need less energy and use up less malic acid. Locations with cooler nighttime temperatures produce fruit that is higher in malic acid than that produced in sites where it stays warm all night.
Rainfall
Three
Their higher alcohol contents and stronger odors.
17. A probable fermentation temperature for premium quality white table wines would be about ______ degrees Fahrenheit.
Harvest at 22 degrees Brix or above - no skin contact - ferment in barrels and at warmer temperatures - age in oak sur lie - and blend with S
Specific anosmia
55
Tank fermentation
18. White item on the list is not part of 'the best possible aging conditions' for bottled wines?
Underground
Plant debris; spring rain
Secondary infections develop
Cool-regions or cool-seasons
19. Wine provides about how many calories per four-ounce serving?
Tiny malolactic bacteria
It's the passageway from the rear of the mouth and rear nasal passages to the olfactory epithelium.
100
1. color - sugar - acidity - varietal aroma and flavor; 2. alcohol and carbon dioxide; 3. malolactic fermentation and/or oak barrel and/or sur lie-aging flavors
20. __________ give wines more oak flavor.
Smaller barrels
Fewer vegetative and herbaceous odors
Hydrometers
Surface
21. Pumping over circulates about 1% of the volume of juice over the solid on the top of the fermentation about once a week.
Plant debris; spring rain
Charmat
False. Style refers to a winemaker's characteristic way of combining and balancing the sensory features.
False. From 10 to 100 percent of the juice will be sprayed over the cap one to three times a day.
22. The average maceration time for California Napa Gamay is about four days and for Cabernet Sauvignon is 7-8 days. This means that the average _________ is intended for more aging than the average __________.
The Muscats
Yields increase
The use of solar energy to snythesize sugar from carbon dioxide and water.
Cabernet Sauvignon - Napa Gamay
23. Roonstocks are used to control...
Genus Saccharomyces
Dosage
Pomace
Vine size
24. Canopy management affects the...
25. The ____________ that occurs in a vineyard successfully infected with Botrytis can reduce yields to as little as 1/3 to 1/2 of normal.
Water evaporation
Microbiological stability
Pigment content
Varietal wines
26. Sadly - all wines will improve ____________ and then deteriorate - except for the publicity that they can bring their buyers.
Only up to a certain point
Cold stabilization
Pomace
Sensation
27. Medical researchers define moderate alcohol consumption as about how many four-ounce glasses of wine daily?
The Muscats
The total acid content increases.
Flavor concentration
1-2 glasses daily
28. You would expect a ___________ glass of a wine to have more intense aromas compared to a colder glass of the same wine.
Warmer
Decreases light interception by the vineyard
You could begin by fermenting Chenin Blanc in juice in oak barrels and add more oak by aging the wine for several months in new 60-gallon American oak barrels.
The Muscats
29. Sulfur dioxide is added at the crusher to slow down the growth of microbes that can spoil wines and to protect the juice from reactions with oxygen that can lead to both ________________ and deterioration of aroma and flavor.
Water evaporation
Sniffs
Three things happen: alcohol and water evaporate through the sides of the container - concentrating the wine; some oxygen dissolves in the wine - allowing oxygen-dependent maturation reactions to occur slowly; and substances - color - odor - and flav
Browning of pigments
30. The weakening of acid strength during ripening is more important for wine quality than is the decrease in the total amount of acid - because wines with stronger acid strengths have brighter colors - require smaller amounts of sulfur dioxide to protec
17
Resist spoilage
Stronger acidity
Gelatin - egg whites are also used.
31. Refer to the label De Loach Vineyards Estate Bottled Russian River Valley Gew
Reduces fruitiness
Port
Tobacco - coffee - chocolate - soy
About 50% of people
32. Adaptation is a change in sensitivity that occurs in response to different levels of stimulation. Winetasters learn to work with olfactory adaptation by resting 15-45 seconds between _____ when evaluating wines.
Three things happen: alcohol and water evaporate through the sides of the container - concentrating the wine; some oxygen dissolves in the wine - allowing oxygen-dependent maturation reactions to occur slowly; and substances - color - odor - and flav
Sniffs
The use of solar energy to snythesize sugar from carbon dioxide and water.
When they are dormant.
33. Winetasters may find that a wine's odors are stronger and more pleasant when they are experienced in the mouth as flavors rather than as odors entering the olfactory area in...
The use of solar energy to snythesize sugar from carbon dioxide and water.
Conventional - yeast-catalyzed alcoholic fermentation
Inhaled air
Varietal character
34. Great wines are distinguished from ordinary wines by their...
As much as 20-30%
Monoterpenes
The degrees Brix does not drop because at this stage; while the yeast cells are metabolizing with the aid of the dissolved oxygen in the grape juice and increasing in number - they have not consumed enough glucose to change the density of the juice.
Greater complexity - harmony - and the power to stimulate the emotions
35. The longer the ____________ goes on during fermentation - the more varietal flavor - color - and tannins from the skins end up in the juice.
Softer tannins
Disgorging - trap the yeast - riddling
High sugar content grapes
Extraction
36. Which odor descriptors would you expect to find in a bottle of Napa Valley Cabernet Sauvignon that was spoiled by vinegar bacteria?
Acetaldehyde - ethyl acetate
Cream
Neutral
One unit increase in photosynthetic rate
37. Briefly explain why women must weigh more than one risk when considering whether or not to drink.
;lees
Acidity
29
Women have to weigh the increased risk of breast cancer against the cardioprotective effect of moderate drinking as well as possible effects on the fetus if they are pregnant.
38. Which grape variety below would be most consistently used for premium wines rather than jug wines?
False. You can take big sips if you spit - cleanse your palate more often - and take more breaks.
Gew
Smooth
Riddling
39. If the amounts of the chemicals responsible for the celery/fresh vegetable - herbaceous - or ____________ of Sauvignon Blanc are reduced - fruity flavors of grapefruit - pineapple - melon - and fig emerge.
55
Low lying areas
Grassy character
Different clones
40. About one in ten of 10% of women who are active alcoholics during pregnancy will deliver a child who clearly suffers from...
FAS
Pigment content
Botrytis infection
Sauvignon Blanc and Semillon
41. Color that extends all the way to the rim reflects deeper color intensity and is associated with greater overall ____________ and quality in ports.
Pomace
Irrigation
Non-wine drinkers
Flavor concentration
42. What is overcropping?
43. The most prestigious wine of a sparkling wine producer may be called ______.
Recognizable varietal aroma
Acidity
T
Big Vine Theory
44. Which red wine grape is preferred when grown in Region I?
Sniffs
Sauvignon Blanc
Higher tannins - lower pH - lower storage temperatures - more uniform temperatures - darkness - and larger bottles.
Pinot Noir
45. A california wine made from Pinot Noir grapes with warmer fermentation temperatures and oak aging would be?
Rootstocks
Solera
A Burgundian-style wine
False. Many organic growers use pesticides.
46. Sparkling wines made by the ____________ reflect the fruity - youthful characteristics of the grapes they are made from because the process can be completed relatively quickly.
Charmat
15-18
Cloudy
Rainfall
47. The bottle shape and color are chosen for a particular wine based on the traditional shapes and colors used in the European wine. __________ are often used for Sauvignon Blanc and S
Grape shoot will be uninjured
Use sugars synthesized by illuminated leaves
Clear Bordeaux bottles
Severe pruning reduces the number of nodes from which will emerge the shoots bearing the next season's crop.
48. Which procedure listed below would you not expect to be done before fermentation of Chardonnay?
Decreases grape rots - lowers grape potassium - lowers grape pH
Tannins
Cold stabilization
Very limited
49. Botrytis-affected wines from ________ are more likely to be aged in small oak barrels.
For two reasons: 1. The high alcohol content of wine spirits can interfere with a winemaker's odor perception. 2. Diluting a solution that has a high concentration of alcohol changes the spectrum of perceptible odors. The spirits will be diluted in t
Crop-bearing shoots
Sauvignon Blanc and Semillon
Another indication of the increased fermentation activity of the yeasts in addition to the rapid drop in degrees Brix is the warming of the fermenting juice.
50. ______ are not used by most wineries because they can produce off odors and typically stop fermenting at around 6-9% alcohol.
Wild yeasts
Warm - dry
22.9 degrees Brix - .80 total acid
Extraction