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Test your basic knowledge |
Wine Production 101
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
hospitality
,
industries
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Which grape variety below would be most consistently used for premium wines rather than jug wines?
On the tongue's top surface
Gew
Asti Spumante
Climate.
2. Sherries referred to as ______ will have 7.5-10% sugar
Conventional - yeast-catalyzed alcoholic fermentation
Cuv
Cream
15-18
3. ___________________ is the theory that increased node number per vine - but with little change in nodes per meter of row - devigorates the vine.
Big Vine Theory
Greater complexity - harmony - and the power to stimulate the emotions
Percentage by weight of sugar in the juice
White Riesling
4. Because nearly all white table wines are valued principally for their youthful - fruity characteristics - the vast majority of white wines are aged in neutral containers only for as long as it takes to clarify and stabilize them. Only a tiny minority
Aging in oak containers
Floral and tropical fruit segments
False. From 10 to 100 percent of the juice will be sprayed over the cap one to three times a day.
Discorging
5. A wine with inadequate body would not be correctly described as...
3-5
Flat
You could begin by fermenting Chenin Blanc in juice in oak barrels and add more oak by aging the wine for several months in new 60-gallon American oak barrels.
Exists above the vineyard
6. Even though alternatives such as oak chips or oak structures added to wines in stainless steel tanks add oak character to the wines - they cannot have the same effect on a wine's other sensory properties because they will not be ______________ the wa
Black pepper
Concentrated by the evaporation of water
Blended
You can expect increased complexity and moderated tartness.
7. The alcoholic fermentation in red wine production is _________________ than for white wine production.
Such wines are either aged in stainless steel tanks or large - typically oval-shaped oak barrels of 500-2000 gallons capacity.
Wine
Pleases him or her
Shorter - hotter - messier - more labor-intensive - more likely to occur in an open-topped tank - less likely to happen in a barrel
8. For a wine to have ________________ requires a particular grape variety - proper growing conditions - and careful winemaking.
Hydrometers
Thermal
Perceptible varietal aromas
Underground
9. Boffetta's and Garfinkel's study showed that at three or more drinks per day there is an increased risk of death for drinkers compared to non-drinkers - particularly for...
Pigment content
Swirling makes the dissolved CO2 leave the wine prematurely and makes a proper evaluation of the bubble display and mousse impossible.
Clear Bordeaux bottles
Liver cirrhosis
10. According to the grape growers surveyed - which vineyard factor below does not promote grassiness in Sauvignon Blanc?
Quality will be lower
Grape composition - next year's crop - and grape berry health.
Less fertilization
Three
11. In wine usage - ______ refers to the odors which come from the grape and ______ is used for smells that come from fermentation and aging in oak and bottle.
Percentage by weight of sugar in the juice
To be tasted a solid substance must be dissolved in the saliva. Without saliva to dissolve the substances that produce taste stimuli - we could only experience touch sensations with our mouth.
Aroma - Bouquet
Rainfall
12. The grape solids in the must are called...
Subtract 50 degrees from the day's average temperature.
Mesoclimate
Pomace
Inhaled air
13. During radiation frosts - Colder air settles in...
On the tongue's top surface
Low lying areas
FAS
Cooler
14. A juice with about 20 degrees Brix will yield a wine with about 10% alcohol through fermentation by yeasts - primarily from the...
Genus Saccharomyces
Sweeter
Tranquilizers
85
15. Which item on the list below is not perceived in wine with our sense of touch?
T
Liver cirrhosis
Warm - dry
Acidity
16. A successful Botrytis infection - from the point of view of the winemakers - if not the mold - is one in which the disease cycle is interrupted before the berries are broken and...
60-95
Acidity
Secondary infections develop
Thermal
17. The intensity of light per unit area of leaf is greatest if the leaf is ____________ to the light rays.
Perpendicular
Tank fermentation
Pigment content
The total acid content increases.
18. A typical sulfur dioxide in wine would be ______.
35-125 parts per million
False. PTC tasting does not predict a person's sensitivity to bitterness in wines.
False. Winetasters begin the olfactory stage of evaluating a wine by sniffing the wine without swirling and swirl 1-2 revolutions and sniff 2-3 times in the second stage.
Approximate drinkability
19. An extended maceration of Cabernet Sauvignon can produce a wine with...
Because the wines blended to make the cuv
Softer tannins
High sugar content grapes
Chardonnay and Pinot Blanc
20. _____________ are fortified before oxidation and their sugar content is adjusted afterwards.
Extraction
Sherries
Reduces fruitiness
You tilt the glass so that you can look through a thinner layer of wine
21. The mixture of skins - seeds - stems - juice - and pulp produced when the skin of the grape is broken and the juice flows out is called
Must
Be drier
Smaller
12-18
22. For ordinary fortified wines hot growing regions are beneficial for both high vineyard yields and...
2-4 years
High sugar content grapes
Such wines are either aged in stainless steel tanks or large - typically oval-shaped oak barrels of 500-2000 gallons capacity.
Three
23. A california wine made from Pinot Noir grapes with warmer fermentation temperatures and oak aging would be?
Rainfall
A Burgundian-style wine
More Region V acres
Clarity
24. __________ is a clarification process that is used as much to alter other important organoleptic properties of wines as to clarify them.
Smaller barrels
Fining
Merlot
Malolactic fermentation
25. Refer to the label William Hill 1989 Willamette Valley Oregon Dry White Riesling. Which statement below is an accurate prediction of how you would expect this wine to taste and smell to most people?
Identify odors
Without perceptible sweetness and with an aroma which has an element that is like roses
False. From 10 to 100 percent of the juice will be sprayed over the cap one to three times a day.
Brown
26. Which is a botanical pesticide?
Varietal wines
.05%
Timing of the MLF
Strychnine
27. Shade decreases the concentration of ________ in Gew
Because they will age through one or two winters at the winery before bottling the cooling that occurs will often cause tartrate crystals to precipitate and tannins will react with and remove the heat-unstable proteins.
Amontillados
An intact grape skin
Monoterpenes
28. The term for drawing off the cuvee with its yeast - sugar - and nutrients into bottles for the second fermentation is...
Identify odors
Tirage
Women have to weigh the increased risk of breast cancer against the cardioprotective effect of moderate drinking as well as possible effects on the fetus if they are pregnant.
Surface
29. Flavors are actually odors - or 'in-mouth smells' - that reach our ______________ when we hold the wine in our mouths.
Olfactory epithelium
False. Many organic growers use pesticides.
Blanc de Noirs
Sweet before dry
30. An example of ______________ is the fact that we are unaware of the taste of our own saliva.
Rainfall
Taste adaptation
Because they will age through one or two winters at the winery before bottling the cooling that occurs will often cause tartrate crystals to precipitate and tannins will react with and remove the heat-unstable proteins.
False. Champagne may only be used for wines produced in the Champagne district of France.
31. Removing leaves from around grape clusters
Body
Decreases grape rots - lowers grape potassium - lowers grape pH
Varietal character
Shorter. They have 1-4 or 5 nodes while canes have 8 or more nodes.
32. What additional evidence of yeast growth and metabolism besides the drop in degrees Brix do wineries measure during the active stage of fermentation?
Another indication of the increased fermentation activity of the yeasts in addition to the rapid drop in degrees Brix is the warming of the fermenting juice.
Charmat
Vinegar bacteria
Positive structural organoleptic elements
33. Leaving more nodes will increase the number of _____________ the following year - and the increased competition for resources among the more numerous shoots will decrease their growth.
1-2 glasses daily
Higher tannins - lower pH - lower storage temperatures - more uniform temperatures - darkness - and larger bottles.
Crop-bearing shoots
The total acid content increases.
34. What are the two processes that occur during aging of the champenoise sur lie?
High sugar content grapes
Brown
The wine matures and gains the complexity which comes from bottle aging and yeast autolysis.
From France: Pinot Noir and Cabernet Sauvignon (and Merlot - Cabernet Franc - Syrah - and Gamay); from Italy: Zinfandel - Barbera - Gignolino - and Sangiovese (and Charbono)
35. Which red wine grape is preferred when grown in Region I?
Dom Perignon - 1668-1715
Severe pruning reduces the number of nodes from which will emerge the shoots bearing the next season's crop.
Pinot Noir
Tawny
36. Sterile filtration followed by aseptic bottling are key strategies in creating...
Microbiological stability
Warmer
The same name
False. A grape variety is a subgroup of a grape species and is distinguished from other varieties by economically important hereditary traits such as its climactic adaptation. Clones are 'sub-varieties'.
37. Its inherent qualities make Pinot Noir a good candidate for...
Blanc de Noirs wine production
Reduced
A Burgundian-style wine
100
38. Red wines often benefit from ______________ after fermentation and during barrel aging.
Eating the apple will bring out the acid in the wine.
Non-wine drinkers
Some exposure to air
Sit for several hours
39. PTC tasting is a well-documented example of how dramatically people can vary in their ability to taste something bitter and it accurately predicts a person's sensitivity to bitterness in wines.
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40. Corks come from the bark of an oak...
Quercus Suber
Exists above the vineyard
If the sulfur remains on the grape - it will be reduced during fermentation to stinky hydrogen sulfide
Colors
41. Which odor descriptors would you expect to find in the bottle bouquet of a fine - well-aged 1978 Napa Valley Cabernet Sauvignon
wine aroma wheel
A young port - or young red table wine for that matter - should be astringent because it possesses tannins for longevity and an older wine should be velvety smooth because the tannins have polymerized - softening the texture and forming a sediment.
Tobacco - coffee - chocolate - soy
Serious wine tasters
42. In order to make sparkling wine you need to build a winery for the _______________ process.
Vintage-dated varietal
Tirage
Tank fermentation
Soil surface area
43. Legumes add ___________ to the soil which will invigorate the vine.
85
Nitrogen fertilizer
Pigment content
A Burgundian-style wine
44. Which type of sherry is oxidized in the absence of flor yeast?
Clusters
Oloroso
To be tasted a solid substance must be dissolved in the saliva. Without saliva to dissolve the substances that produce taste stimuli - we could only experience touch sensations with our mouth.
The Muscats
45. A _________________ is used to create the carbon-dioxide-saturated environment into which intact clusters are loaded and is the means by which the remaining grape sugar is metabolized in the juice after pressing.
Microbiological stability
When off odors - particularly the acetaldehyde odor of oxidation - predominate.
Verbal structure
Conventional - yeast-catalyzed alcoholic fermentation
46. Because carbon dioxide gas is produced during fermentation - fermentation tanks are equipped with ___________ that allow CO2 to escape while preventing air from entering.
Sensation
Tannins
80-90 degrees F
One-way valves
47. How would a wine be aged in barrels to minimize its exposure to air?
The use of solar energy to snythesize sugar from carbon dioxide and water.
The barrels would be sealed tight - rotated 30 degrees to wet the bung and tighten the seal - and not opened until the aging was complete.
White Zinfandel
Plant debris; spring rain
48. Refer to the label De Loach Vineyards Estate Bottled Russian River Valley Gew
Genus Saccharomyces
About 50% of people
Odors
Vintage-dated varietal
49. Blind tastings - in which the wines are identified only by a letter or numerical code - are designed to eliminate stimulus errors which occur when irrelevant criteria are used to judge wines.
Stronger acidity
Bell pepper - eucalyptus - mint - maybe berries - cassis
True
Warm - dry
50. Most ______________ sparkling wines are best if drunk within 2-3 years after they are released.
A taste modifier
Racking
Methode champenoise
Sensation